Abstract: The existing melon seeding metering devicesaremostlyairsuction typeswithrelatively complicated structures and highpower consumption. The working reliability and the precision of seeding need to be further improved. In order to solve the problems of complicated structure and lower seeding precision in the existing mechanized seeding of melons, a mechanical precision metering device for melons was designed using TRIZ theory. Based on the TRIZ theory, the main technical contradiction of the seeding and metering device wasdetermined, and the corresponding invention principle in the contradiction matrix wasused to design a mechanical type with a relatively simple structure, high seeding reliability, and low power consumption. Solidworkswasused to establish a threedimensional model of the seed metering device and perform finite element analysis on key components. Finally, combined with the bench test, the rotation speed of the seed metering device and the structure parameters of the seed block wereselected for performance test verification. The research showed that the simulation analysis results meet the design requirements. When the rotation speed of the seed meter was 43 r/min, and when the effective clamping length and width of the seed block were 9 mm and 7.8 mm, respectively, the qualified index and replay index of the seed meter and the missed seeding index were 83.87%, 9.23%, 6.90% respectively. The seeding performance hadbeen greatly improved compared with before optimization, which met the requirements of precise seeding. It wasfurther proved that the scheme of the melon seeding and metering device designed based on TRIZ theory wasfeasible. It can provide a reference for the followup development and research of the mechanical melon seeding and metering device.

Key words:  melon, mechanical, precision metering device, TRIZ theory, clamping seeds

摘要： 现有打瓜排种器主要以气吸式为主,其结构相对复杂、功耗较高,工作可靠性以及排种精密度有待进一步提高。为解决现有打瓜机械化播种存在结构复杂、排种精密度不高等问题,运用TRIZ理论设计了一种机械式打瓜精量排种器。基于TRIZ理论确定打瓜排种器的主要技术矛盾,应用矛盾矩阵中所对应的发明原理,设计出一种结构相对简单、排种可靠性较高及功耗较低的机械式打瓜精量排种器,运用Solidworks建立排种器三维模型并对关键部件进行有限元分析,最后结合台架试验,选取排种器转速和取种块结构参数进行性能试验验证。研究表明,仿真分析结果满足设计要求,当排种器转速为43 r/min,取种块有效夹持长度和宽度分别为9 mm、7.8 mm时,排种器的合格指数、重播指数及漏播指数分别为83.87%、9.23%、6.90%,排种性能较优化前有较大的提升,基本满足精量排种要求。进一步证明基于TRIZ理论所设计的打瓜排种器方案可行,为机械式打瓜精量排种器的后续研制和研究提供参考。

关键词: 打瓜, 机械式, 精量排种器, TRIZ理论, 夹持取种