关键词: 农业机械化, 农民增收, 农机跨区作业, 空间溢出效应

Abstract: Agricultural mechanization makes an important contribution to promoting farmers income increase, but little literature has explored the spatial spillover effect and time heterogeneity of agricultural mechanization on farmers income increase from the perspective of crossregional operation of agricultural machinery. Based on the objective fact of crossregional operation of agricultural machinery, this paper empirically analyzes the spatial impact effect of agricultural mechanization on farmers income growth by using panel data and spatial Durbin model from 31 provinces in China from 2006 to 2021. The results show that agricultural mechanization can promote local farmers income growth and has a significant positive spatial spillover effect on farmers income growth in neighboring areas. In terms of the structure of farmers income sources, agricultural mechanization has significant positive spatial spillover effects on the growth of both farmers business income and wage income. There is time heterogeneity in the local direct effect and spatial spillover effects of agricultural mechanization on farmers income growth. Taking the beginning of the contraction of interarea operations of agricultural machinery in 2014 as the time point, the spatial spillover effect of agricultural mechanization on farmers income growth is stronger in 2006—2013 than in 2014—2021, whereas the local direct effect of agricultural mechanization on farmers income growth is weaker in 2006—2013 than in 2014—2021. In view of this, the mechanization of the whole process of agricultural production should be accelerated, the level of agricultural equipment should be steadily raised, and the synergy mechanism between local and crossarea operations of agricultural machinery should be improved.

Key words: agricultural mechanization, income growth of farmers, crossregional operation of agricultural machinery, spatial spillover effect