关键词: 皮带式打捆机, 青贮玉米, 成型机理, 成捆密度, 喂入量

Abstract: To address common issues with existing silage round baling machines in China, such as material scattering, frequent blockages at the feed inlet, low baling density, and high failure rates, this study presents the design of a belt-type baling machine. The machine consisted of a primary silo, a secondary upper silo, a baling chamber, a mesh device, a blanking and recycling unit, a film wrapping system, a wrapping table, a film-cutting tool holder, as well as integrated electronic control system and a hydraulic system. First, theoretical calculations and 3D parametric modeling were employed to carry out the dynamic analysis and structural design of the baling chamber. Next, the material baling mechanism was studied in depth, with a focus on the force conditions acting on the grass core and bale during the three key stages:core formation, belt deformation, and bale rolling. Finally, using silage corn crushed material as the test subject, a field trial was conducted at a planting base in Gansu to evaluate how various baling parameters affect bale density. The results showed that under optimal conditions where baling pressure was 0.72 MPa, belt speed was 1.4 m/s, and feeding rate was 3.4 kg/s, the baling density reached 733 kg/m3, which falls within the standard range for silage corn crushing material (730-740 kg/m3). The baling efficiency achieved was ≥50 bales per hour. This research provides both theoretical and empirical support for the design and optimization of baling machines in China, thereby contributing to improved performance and reliability in silage baling operations.

Key words: belt binding machine, silage corn, forming mechanism, bundle density, feed amount