关键词: 丘陵山区, 玉米去穗机构, 动力学仿真, 拉力试验, 抗倾覆试验

Abstract: As one of the main crops in China, the yield of corn has not been greatly improved in hilly areas because of the low degree of agricultural mechanization in hilly areas. Therefore, a singleline unparallel ears removal structure is designed for the problem of maize mechanized harvesting in hilly mountainous areas. Through force analysis, the resultant force in the direction of corn picking is the key to determine whether corn detaches from the peduncle, and the speed of the picking roller and the diameter of the plant heading position are the key parameters affecting the resultant force. At the same time, a triangular track chassis adapted to hilly and mountainous areas was designed. Through force analysis, it is known that the corn harvester carried by the triangular track chassis can work on the hillside with the maximum slope of 19.2°, which has been verified by the test. According to Adams simulation, the force of the corn ear being pulled away from the stem in the vertical direction was between 100 N and 200 N. At the same time, the randomly selected Zhengdan 958 corn was tested by a tensile testing machine at five different speeds, which verified the accuracy of the simulation results. Based on the results of the experiment and simulation, the speed of the picking roller should be over 473 r/min. At last, tests on a selfmade small corn harvester were carried out, and its results showed that the grain broken rate was 0.69%, the average impact injury rate was 0.83%, and the broken ear rate was 6.7%. The designed singlerow nonparallel earpicking roller earremoving mechanism had a good earremoving effect, and the triangular crawler chassis could meet the operation requirements of the corn harvester in the steep slope mountains, with high reliability.

Key words: hilly mountainous areas, corn ear harvesting mechanism, dynamic simulation, tensile testing, antioverturning testing