开沟式植苗机构钵体低损接苗机理与试验研究

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2023.09.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对导苗管式植苗机构存在因机构高度较大发生钵苗破损严重的问题，建立植苗机构在底部平面碰撞和楔形侧面护钵两种接苗方式下蔬菜钵苗钵体与植苗机构碰撞接触的力学模型，计算得出两种接苗方式下钵体所受到的最大碰撞力分别为29.27N和7.66N。应用离散元软件EDEM进行两种接苗方式下钵体与植苗机构碰撞接触的仿真分析，两种接苗方式的仿真分析与理论计算所得到的钵体最大碰撞力基本一致，验证钵体与机构碰撞接触力学模型的可靠性和分析结果的正确性。开展蔬菜钵苗在两种接苗方式下的跌落碰撞试验，楔形侧面护钵接苗方式的钵体破损率为0.77%，明显低于底部平面碰撞接苗方式的1.69%。研究表明：采用楔形侧面护钵接苗方式，蔬菜钵苗钵体所受到的碰撞力小，有利于降低钵体损伤率、提高钵苗植苗质量，可为开沟式植苗机构的设计提供理论和试验依据。

关键词: 植苗机构, 蔬菜钵苗, 碰撞力学, 接苗方式

Abstract: In view of the serious problem of pot seedling damage caused by the large height of the seedling guiding tube planting mechanism, the mechanical models of the collision contact between the vegetable seedling pot and the seedling planting mechanism under the two ways of receiving seedling with the bottom plane collision and the wedge side potguard were established and the maximum collision forces of the seedling pot under the two seedling receiving ways were calculated out, which were 29.27N and 7.66N, respectively. The discrete element software EDEM was used to carry out the simulation analysis of the collision contact between the seedling pot and the seedling planting mechanism under the two seedling receiving ways. The maximum collision forces of the seedling pot obtained by the simulation analysis under the two seedling receiving ways were basically consistent with the corresponding results of the theoretical calculation, verifying the reliability of the mechanical models of collision contact between the seedling pot and the mechanism, and the correctness of the analysis results. The drop collision tests of vegetable plug seedling under the two seedling receiving ways were conducted in laboratory, the damage rate of the seedling pot under the way of receiving seedling with wedge side potguard was 0.77%, significantly lower than the 1.69% of the bottom plane collision seedling receiving way. The study shows that the wedge side potguard seedling receiving way can reduce the collision force on the vegetable seedling pot, which is conducive to reduce the damage rate of the seedling pot and improve the seedling planting quality, and can provide theoretical and test basis for the design of the ditchtype seedling planting mechanism.

Key words: seedling planting mechanism, vegetable plug seedling, collision dynamics, seedling receiving way

中图分类号:

S223.9

杨伟, 唐涛, 俞高红, , 杜成成, 叶秉良, . 开沟式植苗机构钵体低损接苗机理与试验研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(9): 9-15.

Yang Wei, Tang Tao, Yu Gaohong, , Du Chengcheng, Ye Bingliang, . Study on mechanism and test of low damage seedling grafting in pot of the ditch seedling planting mechanism[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2023, 44(9): 9-15.

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