辣椒穴盘苗自动取投苗装置设计与试验

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2023.07.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对现有的半自动辣椒移栽机效率低、劳动强度大的问题，设计一种自动取投苗装置。该装置由夹苗部件、平移机构、垂直移动机构、控制系统和穴盘架等组成。控制系统驱动平移机构和垂直移动机构运动，分别带动夹苗部件和穴盘使其产生联动，实现夹苗部件依次从穴孔中将辣椒苗拔出，然后移动到导苗管上方投苗，完成整个取投苗过程。用72孔穴盘育苗，选取55天苗龄的辣椒穴盘苗为研究对象，对5盘共360株辣椒穴盘苗，以15株/min的移栽速度，进行取投苗试验，试验结果得到：取苗成功率为96.39%，投苗成功率为98.27%，茎叶损伤率为7.79%,满足辣椒穴盘苗移栽的农艺要求，该研究可为自动化移栽机的设计提供参考。

关键词: 全自动移栽机, 自动取投苗机构, 辣椒穴盘苗, 夹茎式, 蔬菜移栽

Abstract: To address the problems of low efficiency and high labor intensity of the existing semiautomatic pepper transplanter, an automatic seedling taking and dropping device was designed. The device was composed of seedling clamping parts, a translation mechanism and vertical movement mechanism, a control system, a hole tray frame, and other components. The control system drove the translation and vertical moving mechanisms, which in turn drove the seedling clamping parts and the hole plate to produce joint movement, respectively. This process enabled the seedling clamping parts to pull out the chili seedlings from the hole sequentially, and then move them to the top of the seedling guide tube to drop them, completing the whole process of seedling taking and dropping. The seedlings were raised with 72hole trays, and the 55dayold chili plug seedlings were selected as the research object. A total of 360 chili plug seedlings were transplanted in 5 trays at the rate of 15 plants per minute. The experiment results showed that the success rate of seedling extraction was 96.39%, the success rate of seedling infusion was 98.27%, and the stem and leaf damage rate was 7.79%. This study can provide a reference for the design of automatic transplanters.

Key words: automatic transplanter, automatic seedling taking and throwing mechanism, chili plug seedlings, clip stem type, vegetable transplanting

中图分类号:

S223.9

孙正, 薛龙, 何梁, 刘木华, 黎静, 郑建鸿. 辣椒穴盘苗自动取投苗装置设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(7): 48-54.

Sun Zheng, Xue Long, , He Liang, Liu Muhua, , Li Jing, , Zheng Jianhong. Design and experiments of automatic taking and throwing device for chili plug seedlings[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2023, 44(7): 48-54.

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