辣椒穴盘苗茎秆力学特性试验与仿真研究

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095⁃5553.2022.03.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对夹茎式取苗过程中移栽机构造成穴盘苗漏苗、伤苗等问题，通过对适栽期的辣椒穴盘苗形态特征参数进行测量，对穴盘苗茎秆进行拉伸、弯曲及压缩特性试验以及穴盘苗脱盘夹取力试验，获得穴盘苗茎秆在外力作用下的力学特性参数与形变规律。试验结果表明：辣椒穴盘苗茎秆的抗拉断力的范围为3.69~9.95 N，弯曲应力的范围为0.77~6.87 N，茎秆的压缩位移量应小于茎秆直径的50%，抗压强度范围为0.63~2.27 MPa，辣椒穴盘苗脱盘夹取力范围为0.44~1.95 N。运用ANSYS对穴盘苗茎秆进行静力学分析，应力变化范围为0.18~0.51 MPa，小于抗压强度范围0.63~2.27 MPa，辣椒穴盘苗茎秆径向压缩最大受力位置为夹具与茎秆接触的加载面上，应力由加载区域向周围逐渐减弱，与实际试验过程中破坏位置和破坏效果保持一致。在此基础上，研究不同茎秆直径条件下，茎秆的压缩应力、压缩应变的变化规律，拟合数据得到茎秆直径与最大压缩应力、压缩应变之间的关系式。充分考虑辣椒穴盘苗的形态特征和力学特性，为辣椒穴盘苗移栽机夹茎式取苗机构的设计提供数据和理论支持。

关键词: 辣椒穴盘苗, 茎秆, 自动取苗, 力学特性, 静力学分析

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of leakage and injury of pore⁃dish seedlings caused by the transplanting mechanism in the process of clamping stems, the morphological characteristic parameters of pore⁃dish seedlings in suitable planting period of pepper were measured. In this paper, the tensile test, bending and compression test and the stripping and clamping force test were carried out on the stalk of pothole seedling, and the mechanical property parameters and deformation rule of pothole seedling under external force were obtained. The test results showed that the range of tensile force of the pepper hole seedling stem was 3.69 N to 9.95 N. The bending stress range was 0.77 N to 6.87N.The compression displacement of the stalk was less than 50% of the stalk diameter.The compressive strength range was 0.63 MPa to 2.27 MPa, and the pepper disc clamp force ranged from 0.44 N to 1.95 N. ANSYS Software was used to analyze the stress rangeand it was observed to range from 0.18 MPa to 0.51 MPa, which was less than the compressive strength range of 0.63 MPa to 2.27 MPa. The maximum radial compression position of the stalk was the contact with the stalk. The stress was gradually weakened from the loading area to the periphery, which was consistent with the damage position and damage effect in the actual test process. Furthermore, the changes of stalk compression stress and compression strain under different stalk diameter conditions were studied to obtain the relationship between stalk diameter and maximum compression stress and compression strain.The morphological and mechanical characteristics of pepper hole seedlings can be considered to provide data and theoretical support for the design of the stem harvesting mechanism of pepper hole seedling transplanting machine.

Key words: pepperpot seedling, stem, automatically take seedlings, mechanical properties, static mechanics analysis

中图分类号:

S223.9

胡双燕, 胡敏娟, 张文毅, 蒋展. 辣椒穴盘苗茎秆力学特性试验与仿真研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(3): 9-18.

Hu Shuangyan, Hu Minjuan, Zhang Wenyi, Jiang Zhan.. Experimental and simulation study on mechanical properties of stem of pepper hole seedlings[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 43(3): 9-18.

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