基于经济效益的农业新型经营主体小麦玉米全程机械化农机配备研究

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.20955553.2021.12.32

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 因山东省旱作灌溉区种植模式多样、技术模式不统一，规模化生产下的机械效能未能充分发挥，存在动力机械与机具配套比低、农机动力与资金浪费问题，在对小麦玉米周年轮作下全程机械化技术模式调研后，总结小麦玉米全程机械化技术路线，构建以作业成本最小为目标的农机装备优化配备模型。通过对平度市某小麦玉米种植合作社进行计算，作业成本较实际情况下降10.9%；总动力优化配备结果为23.712 kW，下降51.36%；农机配套比提高50%。研究结果可为山东省旱作灌溉区小麦玉米全程机械化技术模式优选、农机农艺深度融合、农业合作社的农机配备等方面提供技术参考。

关键词: 小麦, 玉米；全程机械化；技术模式；优化配备

Abstract: Due to the diversity of planting modes, the inconsistency of technical modes, the failure to give full play to the mechanical efficiency under largescale production, the low matching ratio of power machinery to machines and tools, and the waste of agricultural machinery power and funds in dry farming irrigation areas of Shandong Province, after investigating the whole process mechanization technical mode under the annual rotation of wheat and maize, this paper summarizes the whole process mechanization technical route of wheat and maize. The optimal allocation model of agricultural machinery and equipment with the goal of minimizing activitybased cost is constructed. Through the calculation of a wheat and corn planting cooperative in Pingdu City, the activitybased cost decreased by 10.9% compared with the actual situation. The optimized allocation result of total power was 23.712 kW, a decrease of 51.36%; The matching ratio of agricultural machinery was increased by 50%. The research results can provide technical reference for the optimization of the whole process mechanization technology mode of wheat and maize, the deep integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, and the allocation of agricultural machinery in agricultural cooperatives in dryland irrigation areas of Shandong Province.

Key words: wheat, corn, completely mechanized, technical mode, optimization and equipment

中图分类号:

胥备, 刘元义, 于圣洁, 张悦, 宋心宇, 唐小涵. 基于经济效益的农业新型经营主体小麦玉米全程机械化农机配备研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(12): 222-227.

Xu Bei, Liu Yuanyi, Yu Shengjie, Zhang Yue, Song Xinyu, Tang Xiaohan. . Research on the whole process mechanized agricultural machinery allocation of wheat and corn based on economic benefits[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2021, 42(12): 222-227.

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