双轴旋耕压槽播种开沟匀覆土作业机设计与试验*

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.20955553.2021.11.04

中国农机化学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 17-22.DOI: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.20955553.2021.11.04

双轴旋耕压槽播种开沟匀覆土作业机设计与试验^*

顾宸嘉¹, 奚小波^1,2, 韩连杰¹, 张翼夫¹, 张宝峰¹, 张瑞宏^1,2

1.扬州大学机械工程学院,江苏扬州,225127;
2.南京沃杨机械科技有限公司,南京市,211200

收稿日期:2021-03-24 修回日期:2021-04-25 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2021-11-15
通讯作者: 奚小波,男,1989年生,江苏盐城人,博士,讲师;研究方向为农业工程与装备。E-mail: xxbctg@126.com
作者简介:顾宸嘉,男,1996年生,江苏张家港人,硕士研究生;研究方向为农业机械化工程。E-mail: 894375041@qq.com
基金资助:
*扬州大学作物学学科特区学科交叉课题支持项目(yzuxk202007);江苏省科技项目(BE2020319);江苏省现代农机装备与技术示范推广项目(NJ2021—16);江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(20KJB416008)

Design and experiment research of double-axis rotary tillage machine for sowing, ditching, and covering soil

Gu Chenjia¹, Xi Xiaobo^1,2, Han Lianjie¹, Zhang Yifu¹, Zhang Baofeng¹, Zhang Ruihong^1,2

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China;
2. Nanjing Woyang Machinery Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 211200, China

Received:2021-03-24 Revised:2021-04-25 Online:2021-11-15 Published:2021-11-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对目前小麦播种机械存在的播种质量差、播深稳定性差、复式作业程度低等问题,设计一种双轴旋耕压槽播种开沟匀覆土作业机,分析机具的工作原理,并根据实际作业需要,设计一种传动系统,计算出整机传动效率为0.716。为稳定开出5 cm宽,1~3 cm深的小麦种槽,设计一种特型的开槽轮,保证播种深度,提高播深与播宽稳定性;根据作业幅宽3 500 mm以及播种深度1~3 cm,确定绞龙长度与直径的参数,设计一种开沟匀覆土装置,采用左右两段绞龙机构,提高耕幅范围内的土壤平整度,并同样分左右两段绞龙机构,设计一种清土装置。田间对比试验表明样机的准确度为88.67%、离散度为45.45%、均匀度为73.74%,普通播种机的准确度为78.72%、离散度为39.38%、均匀度为44.83%。

关键词: 小麦, 复式播种机械, 播种质量, 覆土装置, 开槽轮

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of poor sowing quality, poor stability of sowing depth, and low degree of compound operation of wheat sowing machine, a double axis rotary tillage and pressing groove sowing, ditching, and even covering soil machine was designed. This paper analyzed the working principle of the machine and, according to the actual operation needs, designed a transmission system and calculated the transmission efficiency of the whole machine, which was 0.716. In order to open 5 cm wide and 1-3 cm deep wheat seed trough stably, a special slotted wheel was designed to ensure the sowing depth and improve the stability of sowing depth and width. According to the working width of 3 500 mm and the sowing depth of 1-3 cm, the parameters of the length and diameter of the auger were determined, and a ditching and even covering soil device was designed. The left and right two-stage auger mechanism was used to improve the soil flatness within the range of tillage. A soil cleaning device was also designed with left and right two-stage auger mechanisms. The results showed that the accuracy of the prototype was 88.67%, the dispersion was 45.45%, the uniformity was 73.74%, the accuracy of the ordinary seeder was 78.72%, the dispersion was 39.38%, and the uniformity was 44.83%.

Key words: wheat, compound seeder, sowing quality, soil covering device, slotting wheel

中图分类号:

S223.2

顾宸嘉, 奚小波, 韩连杰, 张翼夫, 张宝峰, 张瑞宏. 双轴旋耕压槽播种开沟匀覆土作业机设计与试验^*[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(11): 17-22.

Gu Chenjia, Xi Xiaobo, Han Lianjie, Zhang Yifu, Zhang Baofeng, Zhang Ruihong. Design and experiment research of double-axis rotary tillage machine for sowing, ditching, and covering soil[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2021, 42(11): 17-22.

参考文献

[1] 虞国平. 水稻在我国粮食安全中的战略地位分析[J]. 新西部月刊, 2009(11): 31-33.
[2] 张明伟. 稻茬晚播小麦群体与生理特征及密肥调控技术研究[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2018.
Zhang Mingwei. Formation and physiological characteristics of high-yielding population and regulation techniques with plant density and nitrogen application in late-sowing wheat following rice [D]. Yangzhou: Yangzhou University, 2018.
[3] 谭飞泉. “协调型”小麦新品种的产量潜力与构成及其高产高效栽培模式的研究[D]. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2003.
[4] 杨春. 中国主要粮食作物生产布局变迁及区位优化研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2009.
[5] 魏湜. 春小麦优质高效实用生产技术[M]. 哈尔滨: 黑龙江科学技术出版社, 2004.
[6] 童葶. 澳大利亚粮食市场开放与中国粮食安全——基于小麦贸易的政治经济分析[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2008.
[7] 程芳. 小麦和玉米储藏期间微生物多样性变化及控制[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2012.
[8] 韩苏玉, 李铜山. 中澳小麦主产区竞争力分析——以河南和新威尔士为例[J]. 科教导刊-电子版, 2016(9): 184-186.
[9] 王法宏, 司纪升. 小麦主推品种与技术[M]. 济南: 山东科学技术出版社, 2011.
[10] 景雅荣. 浅析小麦种植的机械化问题与新技术研究[J]. 农业与技术, 2019, 39(4): 121.
[11] 刘俊孝, 王庆杰, 李洪文, 等. 针孔管式小麦精准点播装置设计与吸种性能研究[J]. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(11): 10-18.
Liu Junxiao, Wang Qingjie, Li Hongwen, et al. Design and seed suction performance of pinhole-tube wheat precision seeding device [J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2019, 35(11): 10-18.
[12] 孙钦华, 尚书旗, 杨然兵, 等. 2BMG-7型小麦免耕条播机的研制及试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2013, 34(4): 118-121, 124.
Sun Qinhua, Shang Shuqi, Yang Ranbing, et al. Design and experiment of 2BMG-7 no-tillage wheat seeder [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2013, 34(4): 118-121, 124.
[13] 张顺, 夏俊芳, 周勇, 等. 气力滚筒式水稻直播精量排种器排种性能分析与田间试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(3): 14-23.
[14] Barr J B, Ucgul M, Desbiolles J, et al. Development and field evaluation of a high-speed no-till seeding system [J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2019, 194(1): 1-11.
[15] Burce M, Kataoka T, Okamoto H, et al. Precise seed placement control system for various terrain surfaces [C]. 2011 Louisville, Kentucky, August 7-August 10, 2011.
[16] Wilson D E. Grain drill with accurate metering of the rate of planting of seed [P]. US Patent: US7273017 B2, 2008.
[17] 王金峰, 王金武, 孔彦军, 等. 悬挂式水田筑埂机及其关键部件研制与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(6): 28-34.
Wang Jinfeng, Wang Jinwu, Kong Yanjun, et al. Development and experiment of suspension ridger and its key components for paddy field [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2013, 29(6): 28-34.
[18] 《机械设计手册》第5版出版[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2010.
[19] Xi X, Gu C, Shi Y, et al. Design and experiment of no-tube seeder for wheat sowing [J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2020, 204: 104724.
[20] 张东海. 螺旋输送机的优化研究[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2006.
[21] 王东霞. 螺旋输送机的数值分析及优化设计的研究——输送小麦的卧式螺旋输送机[D]. 郑州: 河南工业大学, 2012.
[22] 胡宗武, 徐履冰, 石来德. 非标准机械设备设计手册[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2003.
[23] 滕翔, 董和银, 范国强, 等. 螺旋绞龙式牛场清粪机设计与试验[J].中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(12): 42-47.
Teng Xiang, Dong Heyin, Fan Guoqiang, et al. Design and test of spiral wringing dragon type cattle ranch muck cleaner [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2020, 41(12): 42-47.
[24] NY/T 1768—2009, 免耕播种机质量评价技术规范[S].

双轴旋耕压槽播种开沟匀覆土作业机设计与试验^*

Design and experiment research of double-axis rotary tillage machine for sowing, ditching, and covering soil

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 9

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	南风, 曹光乔, 李亦白, 陈聪, 刘东. 基于小麦收割机作业路线行走方向的调度优化研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(4): 98-105.
[2]	张悦, 刘元义, 于圣洁, 胥备, 宋心宇, 张晟昊. 山东省小麦玉米周年全程机械化丘陵山区综合效益评价分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(2): 182-187.
[3]	戴雨舒;仲晓春;孙成明;杨俊;刘涛;刘升平;. 基于图像处理和Deeplabv3+模型的小麦赤霉病识别[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(9): 209-215.
[4]	谢英杰;王国宾;王宝聚;单常峰;兰玉彬;. 植保无人机喷施除草剂喷头选择及参数优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(4): 61-69.
[5]	孙瑞琳;孙全;孙成明;刘涛;李冬双;吴峰峰;. 基于不同平台的小麦病虫害遥感监测研究进展[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(3): 142-150.
[6]	宋德平;李伟;李明军;于家川;孙冬霞;. 小麦高低畦宽苗带播种机设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(3): 1-6.
[7]	胥备, 刘元义, 于圣洁, 张悦, 宋心宇, 唐小涵. 基于经济效益的农业新型经营主体小麦玉米全程机械化农机配备研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(12): 222-227.
[8]	Søren Kirkegaard Nielsen, Lars Juhl Munkholm, Mathieu Lamandé, Michael Nørremark, Gareth T.C. Edwards, Ole Green. 播种机精密播种深度控制系统^*[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(11): 30-36.
[9]	卢宇;蒋延金;陈立东;杜清华;李国昉;杜福根;. 双U型棉花精量播种机设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(10): 34-41.