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中国农机化学报

中国农机化学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7): 28-35.DOI: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2025.07.005

• 农业装备工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

棉秆拔除阻力测定台架设计与试验

陈永春1,陈永生2, 3,陈明江1,  2, 3,王振伟1,  2, 3,高琪珉2, 3,赵维松1,  2, 3   

  1. (1. 新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐市,830052; 2. 中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,新疆昌吉,831100; 
    3. 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京市,210014)
  • 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-07-01
  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程(西部智能装备团队,农废利用装备团队);国家自然科学基金(51505242)

Design and experiment of measurement bench for cotton stalk uprooting resistance

Chen Yongchun1, Chen Yongsheng2, 3, Chen Mingjiang1,  2, 3, Wang Zhenwei1,  2, 3, #br# Gao Qimin2, 3, Zhao Weisong1,  2, 3#br#   

  1. (1. Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China; 2. Western Agricultural Research Institute, 
    Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, China; 3. Nanjing Institute of Agricultural 
    Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China)
  • Online:2025-07-15 Published:2025-07-01

摘要: 精准测量棉秆拔除过程中根系所受土壤阻力是优化棉秆拔除装备设计、实现棉秆高效拔除的前提,为此提出一种棉秆拔除阻力测定方法,设计一种棉秆拔除阻力测定台架。创新性对称布置2个三维力传感器,实现棉秆拔除过程中所受轴向力与径向力的分别获取。以拔除速度、拔除角度和夹持高度为因素开展试验,结果表明,设计方案可同时测得棉秆所受径向力与轴向力,拔除过程中,棉秆所受力主要为轴向力。3种因素对棉秆拔除阻力的影响程度:拔除速度>拔除角度>夹持高度,较为理想的拔除参数组合:拔除速度为600mm/s,拔除角度为60°,夹持高度为100mm。该台架能够有效测量棉秆拔除过程中所受轴向力和径向力,为棉秆拔除机构设计提供基础理论参考。

关键词: 棉秆, 拔除阻力, 台架, 三维力传感器

Abstract: Accurate measurement of  the soil resistance of root system during cotton stalk uprooting is a prerequisite for optimizing the design of cotton stalk uprooting equipment and achieving efficient cotton stalk uprooting. This paper proposes a method for measuring the cotton stalk uprooting resistance and designs a measurement bench. Innovatively, two three-dimensional force sensors were symmetrically arranged to acquire the axial and radial force respectively during cotton stalk uprooting. The experiment was conducted based on factors such as uprooting speed, uprooting angle and clamping height, and the results showed that the design programme could simultaneously measure the radial and axial force acting on the cotton stalk, during the uprooting process, the force acting on the cotton stalk was mainly axial. The influence degree of the three factors on the cotton stalk uprooting resistance was uprooting speed > uprooting angle > clamping height. The ideal combination of uprooting parameters is an uprooting speed of 600 mm/s, an uprooting angle of 60°, and a clamping height of 100 mm. The bench can effectively measure the axial force and radial force during cotton stalk uprooting, which can provide essential theoretical reference for the design of the cotton stalk uprooting mechanism.

Key words: cotton stalk, uprooting resistance, bench, three-dimensional force sensor

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