一器三行小青菜精量排种器设计与优化

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2024.10.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为改善我国传统的单行和双行播种模式所面临的播种效率低下的问题，以“上海矮箕”小青菜种子为研究对象，设计一种新型的一器三行精量排种器，并对排种器的工作原理进行分析。通过相关数学理论计算出所设计排种器关键部件的相关参数。利用FLUENT软件对排种器内部气流场进行分析，确定最佳的吸孔数目。将负压、排种盘角速度以及吸孔锥角作为试验因素，以排种器进行排种时的合格率以及漏播率作为性能指标，开展CCD二次旋转正交组合试验。当负压为-2.16 kPa，排种盘角速度为29.43 r/min，吸孔锥角为61.51°时，内圈合格率为95.12%，漏播率为3.67%，中圈合格率为94.68%，漏播率为3.12%，外圈合格率为94.24%，漏播率为2.58%。进行台架试验和田间试验验证所得最佳组合参数的合理性。

关键词: 小青菜, 一器三行精量排种器, 气流场, 台架试验, 田间试验

Abstract: In order to improve the low sowing efficiency of the traditional single‑row and double‑row sowing patterns in China, this paper designed a novel three‑row precision seed‑metering device with the “Shanghai Aiji” Bok Choy seeds as the research object, and analyzed the working principle of the seed‑metering device. The relevant parameters of the key components of the designed seed‑metering device were calculated using relevant mathematical theory. The internal airflow field of the seed‑metering device was analyzed using FLUENT software and the optimum number of suction holes was determined. The negative pressure, the angular speed of the seeding plate and the cone angle of the suction hole were used as experiment factors, and the performance indicators of the seed‑metering device were the qualified rate and missed seeding rate when seeding. When the negative pressure was -2.16 kPa, the angular speed of the seeding plate was 29.43 r/min and the cone angle of the suction hole was 61.51°, the qualified rate of the inner ring was 95.12% and the missed seeding rate was 3.67%, the qualified rate of the middle ring was 94.68% and the missed seeding rate was 3.12%, and the qualified rate of the outer ring was 94.24% and the missed seeding rate was 2.58%. Finally, bench and field experiments were conducted to verify the reasonableness of the best combination of parameters obtained.

Key words: Bok Choy, three?row precision seed?metering device, airflow field, bench experiments, field experiments

中图分类号:

S223.2+3

封顶浩, 孙新平, 齐新丹, 李骅, 张笑语, 王永健, . 一器三行小青菜精量排种器设计与优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(10): 39-47.

Feng Dinghao, , Sun Xinping, , Qi Xindan, Li Hua, , Zhang Xiaoyu, Wang Yongjian, . Design and optimization of a three‑row precision seed‑metering device for Bok Choy[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(10): 39-47.

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