棉秸秆微贮饲料打包机设计与工艺参数优化试验

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2025.06.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对新疆棉秸秆产量大、秸秆利用率低、易腐烂变质、不便保存运输等问题，以棉秸秆为研究对象，设计一种微贮饲料打包机。介绍微贮饲料打包机的结构和工作原理，对微贮饲料打包机压缩装置进行设计，并对液压系统进行设计和选型。以棉秸秆切碎长度、含水率、喂入量为试验影响因素，棉秸秆压缩成型密度为试验指标，进行单因素试验和三因素三水平Box—Behnken响应面试验，并通过方差分析最终得出最优组合。结果表明，各因素对棉秸秆压缩成型密度影响程度强弱顺序为喂入量、含水率、切碎长度。通过优化得到棉秸秆压缩成型最优参数组合：切碎长度为5 mm、含水率为57%、喂入量为45 kg，压缩成型密度为0.64 g/cm3，压块成型效果最佳。验证试验表明，压缩成型密度实测平均值为0.636 g/cm3，与模型优化预测值相差较小，优化效果良好，为深入研究棉秸秆压缩成型提供参考依据。

关键词: 棉秸秆, 微贮饲料, 打包机, 压缩装置, 液压系统, 响应面试验

Abstract:

Aiming at the challenges associated with the high yield, low utilization rate, rapid deterioration, and difficulties in preserving and transporting cotton straw in Xinjiang, a micro‑storage baler tailored for cotton straw was designed. The structure and working principle of the baler were detailed, focusing on the design of its compression device and the selection of its hydraulic system.Using cotton straw cutting length, water content, and feeding amount as influencing factors, and cotton straw compression molding density as the evaluation index, a single factor test and a three‑factor, three‑level Box—Behnken response surface test were conducted. Variance analysis was performed to determine the optimal parameter combination. The test results showed that the order of influence of the test factors on the molding density was as follows: feeding amount, water content, and cutting length. The optimal parameter combination for cotton straw compression molding was found to be: cutting length of 5 mm, water content of 57%, and feeding amount of 45 kg, achieving a compression molding density of 0.64 g/cm3. Experimental results showed that the average measured density of the molded cotton straw was 0.636 g/cm3, which closely aligned with the predicted value fromthe model optimization, hence demonstrating the effectiveness of the optimization process. This study provides a valuable reference for future research on the compression molding of cotton straw, thus contributing to improved utilization and preservation strategies for this agricultural buy‑product.

Key words: cotton straw, micro?storage, baler, compression device, hydraulic system, response surface test

中图分类号:

S229+.3

智恒, 班婷, 沈卫强, 郭兆峰, 曹玮钊, 蒋永新, . 棉秸秆微贮饲料打包机设计与工艺参数优化试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(6): 213-220.

Zhi Heng, Ban Ting, , Shen Weiqiang, Guo Zhaofeng, Cao Weizhao, Jiang Yongxin, . Design and optimization of technical parameters of cotton straw micro‑storage baler[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 46(6): 213-220.

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