基于AMESim的小型叶菜收割机液压系统仿真分析

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2025.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对现有叶菜收割机的割台和转向液压系统使用有待发展的问题，根据我国收割机实际使用需求，设计一种小型叶菜收割机液压传动系统，包括割台升降和前轮转向控制。对液压系统中执行元件、液压泵等主要元件进行选型，对液压缸的负载力、系统流量进行数值计算，并利用AMESim软件对液压系统进行建模，分析不同排量的液压泵对割台和转向液压缸工作情况的影响，确定选用3.3mL/r的液压泵。分析定负载、变负载工况下割台液压缸的动态特性。研究结果表明：采用3.3mL/r排量的液压泵，割台液压缸可以在3s内达到最大行程，转向液压缸可以在6s从初始位置达到最大行程，在变负载条件下，割台液压缸与定负载工况达到最大位移时间相差在1s以内，满足使用需求。

关键词: 叶菜收割机, 液压系统, AMESim仿真, 液压泵, 割台

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of the cutting table and steering hydraulic system of the existing leaf vegetable harvester, a small hydraulic transmission system of the leaf vegetable harvester was designed according to the actual use of harvesters in our country, including the harvester's lift of the cutting table and the steering control of the front wheel. The main components of the hydraulic system, such as the actuator and hydraulic pump, were selected. The load force and system flow of the hydraulic cylinder were numerically calculated, and the hydraulic system was modeled by AMESim software. The influence of hydraulic pumps with different displacements on the working conditions of the cutting table and the steering hydraulic cylinder was analyzed, and the 3.3mL/r hydraulic pump was selected. Then, the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic cylinder under constant load and variable load conditions were analyzed. The research results show that: with a 3.3mL/r displacement hydraulic pump, the cutting table hydraulic cylinder can reach the maximum stroke in 3s, and the steering hydraulic cylinder can reach the maximum stroke in 6s from the initial position. Under the variable load condition, the maximum displacement time difference between the cutting table hydraulic cylinder and the fixed load condition is within 1s, which can meet the users' requirements.

Key words: leaf vegetable harvester, hydraulic system, AMESim simulation, hydraulic pump, cutting table

中图分类号:

纪策, 陆观, 张学文, 吴亦鹏, 陈华, 李佳林. 基于AMESim的小型叶菜收割机液压系统仿真分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(1): 61-66.

Ji Ce, Lu Guan, Zhang Xuewen, Wu Yipeng, Chen Hua, Li Jialin. Simulation analysis on hydraulic system of a small leaf harvester based on AMESim[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 46(1): 61-66.

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