关键词: 油茶果, 采摘装置, 龙门式, 侧边扫入, 分层采摘

Abstract: Due to the lack of pruning of camellia forestry planted in hilly areas, it is difficult for the picking head to enter the fruit branches from the front. Therefore, a picking device for camellia fruit with side sweep was designed. The working principle of camellia fruit picking equipment with side sweep was introduced. The interaction model between picking head with side sweep and camellia branches was established, and the stress analysis for fruit branches was conducted under different side sweeping angles and the extreme position by means of ANSYS Workbench. Simulation results showed that the normal stress and shear stress on the cross section of the camellia fruit branches increased with the increase side sweeping angle. Taking the picking rate of camellia fruit and damage rate of camellia bud as experimental indexes, the distance between up and bottom rubber roller, side sweeping angle and depth as experimental factors, the three‑factor three‑level quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test were developed by Box-Behnken experimental design method. With the optimal parameter combination, the side sweeping depth was 440 mm, the distance between up and bottom of rubber roller was 15 mm and the side sweep angle was 0°. Under this working condition, the picking rate of camellia fruit was 92.96%, and the damage rate of camellia bud was 6.36% by verification test.

Key words:  camellia fruit, picking device, gantry type, side sweeping, layered?picking