Driving factors are the implementation carrier of agricultural green transformation policy. Evaluation system of agricultural green transformation in Jiangsu Province was constructed by 17 secondary indexes from the dimension of agricultural means of production, modern production modes, environmental friendliness and green economic benefits. The corresponding variable values were obtained by the coupling method for the indexes under each dimension. The results of regression showed that the standardized regression coefficients of agricultural means of production, modern production modes and environmental friendliness towards green economic benefits were 0.959, 0.803 and 0.396, respectively. The driving effect on green economic benefits declined in turn. The calculation results confirmed that the regression model was robust by per capita rural disposable income and per capita rural living as the surrogate variables. The driving effects of agricultural means of production, modern production modes and environmental friendliness towards green economic benefits were reliable. Therefore, it should persist on the reduction of agricultural fertilizers and pesticides, refine the specific measures of modern agricultural production modes, and further promote the green development and transformation of agriculture.

Investment in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, mechanization level, fertilizer, plastic sheeting, and agricultural science and technology in agricultural production are important input elements. These elements are put into the extended C-D production function model. It gets the function of agricultural production in China by ridge regression calculation based on agricultural production data from 2000 to 2019. It confirms that the function of agricultural production is robust with variable substitution and adjustment research period. In the process of agricultural modernization in China, the output elasticity of the investment in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, application amount of fertilizer, usage of plastic film, total mechanical power, and agricultural science and technology level to total agricultural output value were reduced. The coefficients were 0.383, 0.269, 0.213, 0.161, and 0.051, respectively. The agricultural output contributions of agricultural science and technology level, investment on agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, usage of plastic film, total mechanical power, and application amount of fertilizer on total agricultural output value are 21.392%, 20.681%, 15.444%, 13.295%, and 8.684%, respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to increase investment in agricultural science and technology, increase investment in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries, and increase subsidies for the use of new machinery and power in order to promote the process of agricultural modernization.