The development of traditional agriculture is restricted by population aging and high labor intensity. With the development of information technology and intelligent control technology, the emergence of unmanned agricultural vehicles may fundamentally solve this problem. Based on the introduction of the current development of unmanned agricultural vehicles, this paper focuses on the development status of environment perception technology of unmanned agricultural vehicles and compares and summarizes different technologies.It is pointed out that the development and application of environment perception technology of unmanned agricultural vehicles cannot follow the development direction of fine agriculture, and the research on the structure of the agricultural production environment is lacking. In order to reduce the cost and popularization, the paper points out the development trend of the environment perception technology layer of unmanned agricultural vehicles, such as the scalability.