Abstract: The Bashang area of Zhangjiakou has formed its own mechanized production mode for openair headed leafy vegetables, including mechanized agronomy and supporting agricultural machinery and equipment. However, synchronous mechanical ‘sealing’ cannot be achieved during mechanical transplanting, and ‘sealing’ still needs to be completed manually, resulting in chain scission in mechanization of transplanting, which restricts the development and realization of full mechanization. In view of the above problems, this study proposes to adjust the mulch film ‘sealing’ process problem that cannot be solved by the transplanting machine after transplanting to the ridging process before transplanting to solve the ‘soil sealing method and technology of mulch film mouth after machine transplanting’. Through the optimization and improvement of a variety of ridging film mulching machines, an active film mulching ridging machine supporting this technology has been successfully developed. The test showed that the qualified rate of ‘sealing’ of seedling holes after transplanting could reach more than 98%. The technical scheme and supporting equipment formed in this study complement the mechanized chain breaking in the transplanting process, which can basically realize the full mechanization of heading leaf vegetables in Bashang area. At the same time, it can also be used as a common technology and equipment for mechanized transplanting of openfield vegetables on film to demonstrate and promote in the whole country, so as to improve the mechanization level of Chinas vegetable industry.

Key words: heading leafy vegetables, ridging film mulching machine, soil sealing technology of membrane mouth, transplanting machine

摘要： 张家口坝上地区已经形成自己的露地结球叶菜宜机化生产模式，包括宜机化的农艺及与之配套的农机装备，但机械移栽时不能实现同步机械“封口”、仍需人工完成“封口”，导致移栽环节机械化产生断链，制约全程机械化的发展和实现。针对上述问题，提出将移栽后无法通过移栽机解决的地膜“封口”工序难题，调整至移栽前通过起垄工序解决“机栽后膜口土封方法和技术”。通过对多种起垄覆膜机的优化与改进，成功研发出与本技术配套的主动式膜上覆土起垄机。试验表明，移栽机移栽后苗穴的“封口”合格率可达98%以上。本研究形成的技术方案和配套装备，补齐移栽环节的机械化断链，基本可以实现坝上地区结球叶菜的全程机械化，同时也可以作为一种露地蔬菜膜上机械化移栽共性技术与装备在全国进行示范和推广，提升我国蔬菜产业的机械化水平。

关键词: 结球叶菜, 起垄覆膜机, 膜口土封技术, 移栽机构