Abstract: Aiming at the practical problems of agricultural granular materials such as longterm storage and easy bonding after deliquescence, a kind of mechanism was designed to make the agricultural granular materials become fluffy when they became clumps or lumps under specific working conditions. Firstly, the shaft type spiral shaft was selected as the main shaft of the spiral blade, and the maximum workload of the mechanism was 60 kg at a time, the designed spiral blade width was 127.5 mm, the thickness of the inner edge blade was 20 mm, and the thickness of the outer edge blade was 10 mm. This paper uses SolidWorks software and simulation tool to check the stiffness and strength of the blade. Then, single factor variable experimental analysis method was used to investigate the characteristics of particles and the movement law of particles when entering the mechanism, and the influence of the volume of particles and the rotational speed of spiral blades on the volume of particles. Finally, two parameters of motor speed and single workload were set, and the working efficiency and fluffiness of the mechanism were studied by means of particle material test to verify the practicability of the mechanism. The results showed that the designed mechanism had good reliability and stability. The rotation speed of the fluffiness mechanism was positively correlated with the fluffiness ratio, while the particle volume was negatively correlated with the fluffiness ratio. Taking the agglomerated ammonium sulfate feed particles as the test object, the fluffiness ratio of the lump particles can reach more than 98.23% at the motor speed of 1 000-1 200 r/min.

Key words: agricultural granular materials, fluffy, spiral blade, SolidWorks

摘要： 针对农业类颗粒体物料久置、潮解后易于粘结等实际问题，设计一种使特定工况下结成团或块状的颗粒体农业物料变得蓬松的机构。首先，选取轴式螺旋轴为螺旋叶片主轴，机构单次最大工作量为60 kg，设计螺旋叶片宽度为127.5 mm，内缘叶片厚度为20 mm，外缘叶片厚度为10 mm。运用SolidWorks软件和simulation工具对叶片进行刚度和强度校核分析。然后，利用单因素变量试验分析法探讨颗粒体的特性以及颗粒群在进入到机构内的运动规律，研究颗粒块体积和螺旋叶片转速对颗粒体蓬松率的影响。最后，设置电机转速和单次工作量两个参数，采用颗粒物料试验验证法研究机构的工作效率和蓬松率以验证机构的实用性。研究结果表明：所设计的机构具有良好的可靠性和稳定性，蓬松机构转速与蓬松率呈正相关，颗粒体体积与蓬松率呈负相关，以结块的硫酸铵饲料颗粒为试验对象，在电机转速1 000~1 200 r/min时，块状颗粒体蓬松率能达到98.23%以上。

关键词: 农业类颗粒体, 蓬松, 螺旋叶片, SolidWorks