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中国农机化学报

中国农机化学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 271-276.DOI: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2025.03.039

• 农业智能化研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

红花采摘机器人末端采摘装置设计与试验

邱兆鑫1, 2,郭辉2,高国民2,武天伦2,陈海洋2   

  1. (1. 江西科技学院智能工程学院,南昌市,330098; 2. 新疆农业大学机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐市,830052)
  • 出版日期:2025-03-15 发布日期:2025-03-13
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2022D01A117);新疆农业大学研究生科研创新项目(XJAUGRI2023014);江西科技学院校级科研项目(24ZRYB14)

Design and test on end picking device of safflower picking robot 

Qiu Zhaoxin1, 2, Guo Hui2, Gao Guoming2, Wu Tianlun2, Chen Haiyang2   

  1. (1. School of Intelligent Engineering, Jiangxi University of Technology, Nanchang, 330098, China; 
    2. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China)
  • Online:2025-03-15 Published:2025-03-13

摘要:

针对新疆红花自动化采摘装置采净率不高、破碎率大的问题,设计一种基于双刀联动机构的末端采摘装置。分析末端采摘装置工作原理,对关键部件的设计参数进行确定;确定刀轴转速、风机风速和导花套锥度为影响红花采收性能的主要因素,并以采净率、破损率为试验指标,进行三因素三水平二次正交组合试验。试验结果表明:影响采净率和破损率的因素主次顺序为风机风速、导花套锥度、刀轴转速。较优组合:导花套锥度为59.5°、刀轴转速为312 r/min、风机风速为6.28 m/s,此时花丝采净率为90.77%,破损率为6.54%。为红花自动化采收提供理论依据和技术参考。

关键词: 红花采摘机器人, 末端执行器, 双刀联动机构, 气动式, 正交试验

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of low cleaning rate and high crushing rate of automatic picking device of safflower in Xinjiang, a picking head of safflower based on double-knife linkage mechanism was designed. On the basis of analyzing the working principle of the picking head, the design and parameters of the key components were determined. The main factors affecting the harvesting performance of safflower were determined as the speed of cutter shaft crank, wind speed of fan and the taper of flower guide sleeve, and the three-factor and three-level of quadratic orthogonal combination tests were carried out with the cleaning rate and damage rate as the test indexes. The test results show that the main and secondary influencing factors are wind speed of fan, taper of guide sleeve, spindle speed. The optimal combination is that the taper of flower guide sleeve is 59.5°, the rotational speed of cutter shaft is 312 r/min, the wind speed of fan is 6.28 m/s, the clean rate of flower wire is 90.77%, and the damage rate is 6.54%. This study can provide theoretical basis and technical reference for automatic harvesting of safflower.

Key words: safflower picking robot, end picking device, double-knife linkage mechanism, pneumatic, orthogonal test

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