烟草钵苗双盘对称交错式自动取苗装置设计与试验

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2024.07.004

中国农机化学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 22-27.DOI: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2024.07.004

烟草钵苗双盘对称交错式自动取苗装置设计与试验

陈斌1，邹鑫1，何阳2，余贝2，向鹏华3，肖名涛1

1. 湖南农业大学机电工程学院，长沙市，410128； 2. 中国烟草总公司湖南省公司，长沙市，410029；
3. 湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司，湖南衡阳，421099

出版日期:2024-07-15 发布日期:2024-06-21
基金资助:
湖南创新型省份建设专项(2019NK2141)；中国烟草总公司湖南省公司科技项目(HN2021KJ17)

Design and testing of a double-tray symmetrical staggered automatic seedling extraction device for tobacco pot seedlings

Chen Bin1, Zou Xin1, He Yang2, Yu Bei2, Xiang Penghua3, Xiao Mingtao1

1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China;
2. China National Tobacco Corporation Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410029, China;
3. Hunan Tobacco Company Hengyang Branch, Hengyang, 421099, China

Online:2024-07-15 Published:2024-06-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决烟草半移栽作业用工量大、效益低等问题，设计一种对称交错式自动取苗装置。首先，阐述该自动取苗装置对两盘钵苗进行交错式取苗的原理，建立取投苗作业过程中的动力学和运动学模型。然后，对送盘装置、取投苗装置和自动控制系统等取苗装置关键部件进行结构设计，分析关键部件的作业过程，结合实际需求完成关键元器件的选型。最后，在已有移栽机动力底盘的基础上试制2ZY-1型烟草移栽机样机，以60天苗龄的烟草钵苗为作业对象进行田间取投苗性能试验。试验结果表明，在自动取投苗速度为20株/min时，取苗成功率为89.63%，投苗成功率为97.20%，伤苗率为3.59%。

关键词: 烟草钵苗, 自动移栽, 漂浮秧盘, 取苗装置, 电控系统

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of high labor and low efficiency of tobacco semitransplanting, a symmetrical staggered automatic seedling picking device was designed. First of all, the principle of the automatic seedling picking device for staggered picking of two trays of seedlings was described, and the kinetic and kinematic models of the picking and dropping operation were established. Then, the key components of the seedling picking device such as tray feeding device, seedling picking device and automatic control system were designed, the operation process of the key components was analyzed, and the selection of key components was completed according to the actual requirements. Finally, Based on the existing transplanter power chassis, a prototype of 2ZY-1 tobacco transplanter was made, and the performance test was conducted with 60dayold tobacco seedlings in the field. The test results showed that the success rate of seedling picking was 89.63%, the success rate of seedling dropping was 97.20% and the injury rate was 3.59% when the automatic seedling picking and dropping speed was around 20 plants/min.

Key words: tobacco pot seedling, automatic transplanting, floating seedling tray, seedling picking device, electric control system

中图分类号:

S223.92
S24

陈斌, 邹鑫, 何阳, 余贝, 向鹏华, 肖名涛. 烟草钵苗双盘对称交错式自动取苗装置设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(7): 22-27.

Chen Bin, Zou Xin, He Yang, Yu Bei, Xiang Penghua, Xiao Mingtao. Design and testing of a double-tray symmetrical staggered automatic seedling extraction device for tobacco pot seedlings[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(7): 22-27.

参考文献

［1］　董建新, 苏建东, 王刚, 等. 我国烟草育苗技术现状分析［J］. 中国烟草学报, 2015, 21(1): 119-124.Dong Jianxin, Su Jiandong, Wang Gang, et al. Status quo of tobacco seedling technology in China ［J］. Acta Tabacaria Sinica, 2015, 21(1): 119-124.
［2］　Augusto D C C, Engel V L, Velini E D. Preliminary results of a floating subirrigation system (“Aquaforest system”) as an alternative to conventional tree nurseries ［J］. Ecological Engineering, 2004, 22(1): 61-66.
［3］　赵辉, 王喜英, 刘国权, 等. 烤烟漂浮育苗影响因素研究进展［J］. 河南农业科学, 2016, 45(10): 1-5.
Zhao Hui, Wang Xiying, Liu Guoquan, et al. Research progress on factors affecting fluecured tobacco float seedling production ［J］. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 45(10): 1-5.
［4］　纪力, 庄春, 陈川, 等. 水稻机插秧漂浮育秧技术［J］. 上海农业科技, 2019(3): 48-49.
［5］　高华军, 林北森, 马兴华, 等. 海南雪茄烟叶不同育苗方式育苗效果分析［J］. 南方农业学报, 2020, 51(7): 1677-1683.Gao Huajun, Lin Beisen, Ma Xinghua, et al. Effects of different seedling styles on seedling of cigar leaf in Hainan ［J］. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2020, 51(7): 1677-1683.
［6］　曾淑华, 刘彪, 杨兴有, 等. 育苗方式对白肋烟烟苗生长及生理生化指标的影响［J］. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 41(3): 252-256.
Zeng Shuhua, Liu Biao, Yang Xingyou, et al. Effects of different seedling ways on growth and physiological and biochemical indexes of burley tobacco ［J］. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University (Natural Sciences), 2015, 41(3): 252-256.
［7］　任兰天, 刘庆, 梅艳艳, 等. 小麦秸秆漂浮育苗基质对烟苗生长的影响［J］. 中国烟草科学, 2017, 38(3): 26-29, 36.Ren Lantian, Liu Qing, Mei Yanyan, et al. Study on wheat straw substituted medium in the float seedling system of tobacco ［J］. Chinese Tobacco Science, 2017, 38(3): 26-29, 36.
［8］　李林玉, 杨彭, 李佳, 等. 不同漂浮育苗基质对灯盏细辛种苗生长和农艺性状的影响［J］. 西南农业学报, 2015, 28(6): 2460-2464.
Li Linyu, Yang Peng, Li Jia, et al. Effect of different substrates on growth and agronomic traits of erigeron brevis apus in float breeding ［J］. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2015, 28(6): 2460-2464.
［9］　陈林涛, 马旭, 王聪, 等. 轻简型钵苗育秧机软钵盘自动嵌放装置设计与试验［J］. 农业工程技术, 2020, 40(18): 86.
［10］　王锡春, 周德英, 周向平, 等. 烤烟几种育苗方式的优选与研究［J］. 江西农业学报, 2022, 34(6): 40-45, 51.
Wang Xichun, Zhou Deying, Zhou Xiangping, et al. Optimization and study on several seedlingraising methods of fluecured tobacco ［J］. Acta Agriculture Jiangxi, 2022, 34(6): 40-45, 51.
［11］　黄冠龙. 蔬菜穴盘苗小型全自动无线遥控移栽机结构及控制系统优化设计［D］. 镇江: 江苏大学, 2020.Huang Guanlong. The optimization design of structure and control system of small automatic wireless remote control vegetable plug seedling transplanter ［D］. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University, 2020.

[1]	徐亚雷, 杨红光, 潘志国, 杨然兵, , 李林, 张还. 甘薯裸苗斜插式栽植机构及电控系统研制[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(6): 53-57.
[2]	孙正, 薛龙, 何梁, 刘木华, 黎静, 郑建鸿. 辣椒穴盘苗自动取投苗装置设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(7): 48-54.
[3]	张妮, 张国忠, 王姣, 李硕, 卢丽君, 董昭. 旱地作物机械化移栽关键技术研究现状与发展趋势#br# #br# [J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(8): 22-31.
[4]	古冬冬, 关阳, 张征, 杨杰, 赵俊强, 范素香. 基于新能源技术的夏玉米穴施肥作业电控设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(5): 121-126.
[5]	陈书法, 冯博, 芦新春, 牛晏瑞, 张海峰. 智能电控精量播种技术研究现状及展望[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(12): 5-12.
[6]	胡双燕, 胡敏娟, 王佳, . 辣椒穴盘苗机械化移栽研究进展[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(8): 24-31.
[7]	徐陶;崔志超;管春松;陈永生;肖体琼;. 基质块苗移栽机送取苗装置的设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(7): 50-55.
[8]	朱兴亮;郭彦克;韩长杰;尤佳;李光新;梁佳;. 茄果类钵苗自动移栽机设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(5): 19-26.
[9]	孙晓晓;刘洋;李斌;牛国梁;王涛;董云成;. 穴盘苗自动移栽机取苗装置研究现状及展望[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(3): 22-28.
[10]	伍龙, 刘念聪, 王艳华, 夏华政, 张雨, 黄浩, . 基于PLC的全自动移栽机取苗喂苗控制系统设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(10): 87-91.
[11]	赵晋;黄赟;潘松;翁晓星;钱钰斌;贺捷;. 江西省蔬菜移栽机械化现状与发展分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(10): 61-65.
[12]	冀荣华;邹国伟;袁宏涛;郑立华;. 基于贪心—蚁群钵苗自动移栽路径分段优化算法研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2019, 40(12): 165-170.

烟草钵苗双盘对称交错式自动取苗装置设计与试验

Design and testing of a double-tray symmetrical staggered automatic seedling extraction device for tobacco pot seedlings

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 12

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价