农用单缸柴油机油箱动态特性识别研究

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2024.05.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对某型农用单缸柴油机油箱在标定工况下受多源激励作用产生的振动问题，融合傅里叶分解方法(FDM)、同步压缩小波变换法(SWT)以及模态分析技术的优势识别油箱动态特性。采用FDMSWT方法进行标定工况下油箱半载状态振动响应信号的自适应分解与时频特征提取，消除模式混叠对分解结果的影响，提高时频分辨率，获取油箱表面振动信号的主傅里叶固有频带函数分量及其时频特性。采用模态分析技术识别油箱空载状态与油液作用下油箱半载状态的固有振动特性，在研究油箱振动响应特性与其结构固有特性两者相关性基础上，找到导致油箱结构动态特性变差的薄弱环节。通过下箱体底部采用增加压凹加强筋结构设计措施提高油箱结构刚度，避开结构共振频率，优化油箱的动态特性。

关键词: 单缸柴油机, 油箱, 模态分析, 动态特性, 时频特征

Abstract: Aiming at the vibration problem of the fuel tank of agricultural single cylinder diesel engine caused by multi source excitation under the calibration condition, the structural dynamic characteristics of the fuel tank were identified by combining the Fourier Decomposition Method(FDM), the Synchronous Compression Wavelet Transform(SWT) method and the modal analysis technology. Firstly, the fuel tank vibration signal was adaptively decomposed and its timefrequency characteristics were extracted under calibration condition by the method of FDMSWT, the influence of mode aliasing effect on decomposition was eliminated and the timefrequency resolution was improved, the principal fourier intrinsic band functions components and their timefrequency characteristics of surface vibration signal of the fuel tank were obtained. Then, the modal analysis technique was used to identify the natural vibration characteristics of the tank under noload and half load conditions. On the basis of studying the correlation between the vibration response characteristics of fuel tank and its structural natural characteristics, the weak links that led to the deterioration of its dynamic characteristics were found. Finally, the structural design measures of adding indenting stiffeners were adopted at the bottom of the lower box to improve the structural rigidity of the fuel tank, the structural resonance frequency was avoided and the structural dynamic characteristics were optimized.

Key words: , single cylinder diesel engine, fuel tank, modal analysis, dynamic characteristics, time-frequency characteristics

中图分类号:

TK422

孟浩东, 张忠, 徐年尧, 王勇, 邹灵浩. 农用单缸柴油机油箱动态特性识别研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(5): 128-133.

Meng Haodong, Zhang Zhong, Xu Nianyao, Wang Yong, Zou Linghao. Research on dynamic characteristics identification of fuel tank of agricultural single cylinder diesel engine[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(5): 128-133.

参考文献

［1］　袁庆勇, 张训仁. 推广尼龙合金柴油机油箱水箱意义深远［J］. 农机市场, 2011(1): 17-18.Yuan Qingyong, Zhang Xunren. The farreaching significance of popularizing nylon alloy oil tank and water tank of diesel engine ［J］. Agricultural Machinery Market, 2011(1): 17-18.
［2］　杨毅晟, 颜惠庚, 杜存臣. CFZS1125农用柴油机油箱开裂原因分析［J］. 安徽农业科学, 2008, 36(19): 8008-8010, 8067.Yang Yisheng, Yan Huigeng, Du Cunchen. Analysis on cracking reason of CFZS1125 agricultural diesel oil tanks ［J］. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2008, 36(19): 8008-8010, 8067.
［3］　周志峰, 樊士贡, 蔡忆昔, 等. 阻尼材料对发动机薄壁件降噪效果分析［J］. 内燃机学报, 2022, 40(1): 89-95.
Zhou Zhifeng, Fan Shigong, Cai Yixi, et al. Effect of noise reduction on thinwalled parts of engine using damping material treatment ［J］. Transactions of CSICE, 2022, 40(1): 89-95.
［4］　闫超群, 马炳杰, 王志刚, 等. 基于虚拟材料法建模的柴油机振动噪声分析［J］. 内燃机学报, 2020, 38(5): 464-471.
Yan Chaoqun, Ma Bingjie, Wang Zhigang, et al. Vibration and noise analysis of diesel engine based on virtual material modeling method ［J］. Transactions of CSICE, 2020, 38(5): 464-471.
［5］　曾志星, 黄豪中, 李松林. 一种低噪声齿轮室盖板的设计方法［J］. 内燃机工程, 2016, 37(6): 126-132.
Zeng Zhixing, Huang Haozhong, Li Songlin. A design method of low noise gearbox cover ［J］. Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering, 2016, 37(6): 126-132.
［6］　刘乐平, 邹欢, 曾昭韦, 等. 针对柴油发电机上箱体振动问题的改进设计［J］. 组合机床与自动化加工技术, 2017(7): 152-154.
Liu Leping, Zou Huan, Zeng Zhaowei, et al. Improved design of upper case for vibration problem of diesel generator ［J］. Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique, 2017(7): 152-154.
［7］　Chitkara T K, Kittur Z, Soman R. Computational simulation of fuel tank sloshing using CFD techniques ［J］. SAE Technical Papers, 2013.
［8］　屠翔宇, 严莉, 朱志勇, 等. 汽车燃油箱模态仿真分析及试验验证［J］. 噪声与振动控制, 2016, 36(4): 88-91.
Tu Xiangyu, Yan Li, Zhu Zhiyong, et al. Modal simulation analysis and experimental verification of automotive fuel tanks ［J］. Noise and Vibration Control, 2016, 36(4): 88-91.
［9］　孟浩东, 赵景波, 戴旭东, 等. 柴油机油底壳动态特性识别研究［J］. 重庆理工大学学报(自然科学), 2022, 36(6): 261-266.
Meng Haodong, Zhao Jingbo, Dai Xudong, et al. Research on dynamic characteristics identification of diesel oil pan ［J］. Journal of Chongqing University of Technology(Natural Science), 2022, 36(6): 261-266.
［10］　孙钊, 尹辉俊, 刘赟, 等. 油液作用下某燃油箱的半载状态阻尼振动分析［J］. 机械设计与制造, 2020(1): 144-148.
Sun Zhao, Yin Huijun, Liu Yun, et al. The damping vibration analysis of a fuel tank half load condition under the action of oil ［J］. Machinery Design & Manufacture, 2020(1): 144-148.
［11］　王舒玉, 侯之超, 苏卫东, 等. 无水与充水塑料燃油箱的振动试验模态分析［J］. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2019, 10(2): 226-232.
Wang Shuyu, Hou Zhichao, Su Weidong, et al. Modal analysis of vibration test on plastic fuel tank with or without water ［J］. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2019, 10(2): 226-232.
［12］　Yang W, Yong C. Vibration analysis and combustion parameter evaluation of CI engine based on fourier decomposition method ［J］. International Journal of Engine Research, 2022, 23(3): 434-445.
［13］　刘洋, 刘晓波, 梁珊. 基于傅里叶分解方法的航空发动机转子故障诊断［J］. 中国机械工程, 2019, 30(18): 2156-2163.
Liu Yang, Liu Xiaobo, Liang Shan. Aeroengine rotor fault diagnosis based on fourier decomposition method ［J］. China Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 30(18): 2156-2163.
［14］　Jiang Q, Suter B W. Instantaneous frequency estimation based on synchrosqueezing wavelet transform ［J］. Signal Processing, 2017, 138: 167-181.
［15］　王海龙, 柏皓博, 王晟华. 基于FDM的爆破振动信号时频分析［J］. 爆破, 2021, 38(3): 143-151.Wang Hailong, Bai Haobo, Wang Chenghua. Timefrequency analysis of blasting vibration signal based on FDM ［J］. Blasting, 2021, 38(3): 143-151.
［16］　周炬, 苏金英. ANSYS Workbench有限元分析实例详解(动力学)［M］. 北京: 人民邮电出版社, 2019.
［17］　洪超, 周锦祥. 底部带有大凹槽结构的高强抗振柴油机油箱［P］. 中国专利： 201535213U, 2010-07-28.

[1]	郑彬, 甫圣焱, 向上. 农用内燃机钛合金连杆振动分析与拓扑优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(8): 125-132.
[2]	向浩, 高巧明, 韦增健, 许鹏, 曾俊豪, 赵鹏飞. 山地模块化电动底盘的同侧输出行星减速器设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(8): 133-140.
[3]	孟浩东, 赵景波, 王勇, 郭炎, 戴旭东, 徐年尧. 农用柴油机齿轮室盖结构动态特性分析与改进[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(11): 87-92.
[4]	佟文玉, , 张健飞, 曹光乔, 宋志禹, 金月, 宁晓峰. 手扶式甘蓝收获机设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(10): 30-36.
[5]	黄大伟, 郭成荣, 傅爱军, 田永康, 龚运息. 基于多工况的畜禽运输车车厢骨架优化设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(10): 137-143.
[6]	任甲辉, 支腾, 李法堂, 樊秋菊, 武涛, . 圆盘切割式剑麻采摘装置设计与仿真[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(1): 77-84.
[7]	赖晓, 曾邦, 李尚平, 莫瀚宁, 何桂庆, 曹铂潇. 小型甘蔗收获机车架拓扑优化与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(7): 90-97.
[8]	刘曙光, 王家胜, 张梅, 尹宝全, 马云飞, 潘仕梅. 基于种绳模式胡萝卜播种机主体框架谐响应分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(5): 1-6.
[9]	张美娟, 陈梓含, 王忠, 陈晟闽. 农用单缸柴油机喷醇器流量特性试验研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(12): 99-105.
[10]	胡双燕, 胡敏娟, . 可降解穴盘切割刀具优化设计与有限元分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(9): 44-52.
[11]	任帅阳, 高爱民, 张勇, 韩伟, . 六旋翼植保无人机旋翼折叠机构有限元分析及拓扑优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(9): 53-58+194.
[12]	奚小波;王昱;冒荧亮;赵映;张剑峰;张瑞宏;. 绿化养护矩形修剪打捆一体机设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(4): 41-48.
[13]	高琦;邱绪云;宋裕民;. 农用车辆橡胶隔振元件动力学模型研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(4): 120-127.
[14]	王俊跃, 戴晓军, 王聪伟, 鲍志亮, 高磊, 张平. 基于ANSYS Workbench的方捆机刀架静力学与模态分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(12): 9-16.
[15]	王贤斐, 张志元, 赵永满, 薛帅康, 李景彬, . 弧形扎膜钉齿设计与试验弧形扎膜钉齿设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(12): 24-29.