关键词: 农业机械, 正交试验, 膜上覆土, 绞龙螺旋覆土, 参数优化

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of burning seedlings, dislocation and abnormal seedlings caused by insufficient amount of coated soil after transplanting tomato and pepper on plastic film in Xinjiang, a coated soil device was designed, namely 1GF-24 type membrane soil covering machine, which can realize the coated soil operation after crop emergence. The theoretical analysis and structural design of the key components such as the soil pickup plate, the helicoid spiral filling device and the regulating mechanism were carried out. Through theoretical calculation and optimization, the main parameters of the soil device are determined: the diameter of the winch shaft is 42mm, the length is 1 110mm, and the width is 1 500mm. The pitch of the twisted blade is 340mm, the pitch is 170mm, and the helix angle is 16°. Combined with the relevant operational performance requirements, the rotational speed of the soil covering device, the forward speed of the machine and the ditch depth were taken as the test factors, and the qualified rate of soil covering was taken as the test index. The quadratic regression orthogonal combination test of three factors and five levels was carried out, and the mathematical regression model of qualified rate of soil covering was established. The optimal working performance parameters of the machine were obtained as follows: Rotating speed 306 r/min, the forward speed of the machine is 26km/h, and the ditching depth is 10cm. The field verification test showed that the average qualified rate of coated soil on 1GF-24 membrane soil covering machine was 926% which met the operation requirements.

Key words: agricultural machinery, orthogonal experiment, membrane soil covering, helicoid spiral filling, parameter optimization