稻谷流动层孔隙率检测装置设计与试验

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2023.11.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 孔隙率直接关系到稻谷干燥介质迂曲度、能质传递、通风阻力的变化，是解析稻谷干燥过程和能耗的重要参数之一。为准确获取流动状态下稻谷层的孔隙率，设计稻谷流动层孔隙率检测装置；结合正交试验方法和参数的物理意义，分析检测装置的测量性能，并研究不同工况下稻谷流动层孔隙率的演变规律。结果显示，流动层孔隙率检测装置具有较好的可靠性，且多组试验结果的方差范围为0.010 1-0.022 9；在含水率为12.73%-32.01%区间，流动层孔隙率随稻谷含水率增大而逐渐减小；流动层孔隙率在稻谷流动层厚度为400-850mm范围内呈现先减小后增大的规律变化，且其最小值为63.1%；在开度为0-80mm区间内，流动层孔隙率随开度增大而升高。

关键词: 稻谷, 干燥, 流动层, 孔隙率, 检测装置

Abstract: Porosity is directly related to the change of the tortuosity of drying medium, massenergy conversion and airflow resistance, which is one of important parameters to analyze the drying process and drying energy consumption of rice. In order to accurately obtain the porosity parameters of rice layer in flowing state, this paper created the detection device of porosity in rice flowing layer, analyzed the measurement performance of the detection device and investigated the evolution law of the porosity of rice flowing layer under different working conditions combined with the orthogonal experimental method and the physical significance of parameters. The results showed that the porosity detection device of flowing layer had excellent reliability, and the variance range of multiple test results was 0.010 1-0.022 9. In the range of moisture content of 12.73%-32.01%, the porosity of rice flowing layer decreased with the increase of moisture content, the porosity in flowing layer showed a regular change of decreasing and then increasing in the range of 400-850 mm of rice flowing layer thickness, and its minimum value was 63.1%, within the range of 0-80 mm opening, the porosity of flowing layer increased with the increase of the opening.

Key words: rice, drying, flowing layer, porosity, detection device

中图分类号:

S511

童金杰, , 李长友, 刘木华, 肖志锋, 唐鑫, 李涛. 稻谷流动层孔隙率检测装置设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(11): 26-31.

Tong Jinjie, , Li Changyou, Liu Muhua, Xiao Zhifeng, Tang Xin, Li Tao. Design and experiment of detection device of porosity in rice flowing layer[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2023, 44(11): 26-31.

参考文献

［1］　Aprajeeta J, Gopirajah R, Anandharamakrishnan C. Shrinkage and porosity effects on heat and mass transfer during potato drying ［J］. Journal of Food Engineering, 2015, 144: 119-128.
［2］　周萍, 文麒筌, 伍东玲, 等. 料层孔隙率对高炉炉身传热传质过程的影响［J］. 工程热物理学报, 2017, 38(12): 2706-2712.Zhou Ping, Wen Qiquan, Wu Dongling, et al. The burden porosity on the influence of process of heat and mass transfer in the blast furnace shaft ［J］. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2017, 38(12): 2706-2712.
［3］　Li T, Li C, Li B, et al. Characteristic analysis of heat loss in multistage counterflow paddy drying process ［J］. Energy Reports, 2020, 6: 2153-2166.
［4］　张烨, 李长友, 马兴灶, 等. 干燥机粮层通风阻力特性数值模拟与试验［J］. 农业机械学报, 2014, 45(7): 216-221， 208.Zhang Ye, Li Changyou, Ma Xingzao, et al. Experiment and numerical simulation of layer resistance parameters in dryer ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2014, 45(7): 216-221， 208.
［5］　李长友, 方壮东. 高湿稻谷多段逆流干燥缓苏解析模型研究［J］. 农业机械学报, 2014, 45(5): 179-184.Li Changyou, Fang Zhuangdong. Analytical models of multistage counter flow drying and tempering process of grain ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2014, 45(5): 179-184.
［6］　Oliveros N O, Hernández J A, SierraEspinosa F Z, et al. Experimental study of dynamic porosity and its effects on simulation of the coffee beans roasting ［J］. Journal of Food Engineering, 2017, 199: 100-112.
［7］　Kong X, Wang E, Liu Q, et al. Dynamic permeability and porosity evolution of coal seam rich in CBM based on the flowsolid coupling theory ［J］. Journal of Natural Gas Scienceand Engineering, 2017, 40: 61-71.
［8］　Kocabiyik H. Porosity rate of some kernel crops habib
kocabiyik, “Türkan Akta瘙塂” and “Birol Kayi瘙塂oglu” ［J］. Journal of Agronomy, 2004, 3(2): 76-80.
［9］　Chang C S. Measuring density and porosity of grain kernels using a gas pycnometer ［J］. Cereal Chemistry, 1988, 65(1): 13-15.
［10］　Li T, Li C, Li C, et al. Porosity of flowing rice layer: Experiments and numerical simulation ［J］. Biosystems Engineering, 2019, 179: 1-12.
［11］　张淑珍, 巴卫国, 徐宝江, 等. 散粒物料孔隙率测定装置的研制［J］. 农业工程学报, 1996, 12(1): 187-191.Zhang Shuzhen, Ba Weiguo, Xu Baojiang, et al. Study and manufacture of porosity determining apparatus of an unconsolidated mass of materials ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 1996, 12(1): 187-191.
［12］　田晓红, 李光涛. 粮食孔隙率测定方法探讨［J］. 粮食加工, 2009, 34(5): 35-37, 45.Tian Xiaohong, Li Guangtao. Determination of grain porosity ［J］. Grain Processing, 2009, 34(5): 35-37, 45.
［13］　李长友, 方壮东, 麦智炜. 散体物料孔隙率测定装置设计与试验［J］. 农业机械学报, 2014, 45(10): 200-206.
Li Changyou, Fang Zhuangdong, Mai Zhiwei. Design and test on porosimeter for particle material ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2014, 45(10): 200-206.
［14］　GuanSajonz H, Guiochon G, Davis E, et al. Study of the physicochemical properties of some packing materials. III. Pore size and surface area distribution ［J］. Journal of Chromatography A, 1997, 773(1-2): 33-51.
［15］　Lu P, Lannutti J J, Klobes P, et al. X‐ray computed tomography and mercury porosimetry for evaluation of density evolution and porosity distribution ［J］. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2000, 83(3): 518-522.
［16］　Fang C, Campbell G M. Effect of measurement method and moisture content on wheat kernel density measurement ［J］. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2000, 78(4): 179-186.
［17］　Martynenko A. The system of correlations between moisture, shrinkage, density, and porosity ［J］. Drying Technology, 2008, 26(12): 1497-1500.
［18］　许倩, 陶天艺, 徐苏轩, 等. 油菜籽孔隙率的试验研究［J］. 粮食科技与经济, 2018, 43(5): 73-75.
Xu Qian, Tao Tianyi, Xu Suxuan, et al. Experimental study on the porosity of rapeseed ［J］. Grain Science and Technology and Economy, 2018, 43(5): 73-75.
［19］　李倩倩, 陈鑫, 毕文雅, 等. 小麦堆孔隙率测定方法及影响因素研究［J］. 粮油食品科技, 2021, 29(1): 187-193.Li Qianqian, Chen Xin, Bi Wenya, et al. Research on determination method and influencing factors of porosity of wheat pile ［J］. Science and Technology of Cereals, Oils and Foods, 2021, 29(1): 187-193.
［20］　Gustafson R J, Hall G E. Density and porosity changes of shelled corn during drying ［J］. Transactions of the ASAE, 1972, 15(3): 523-525.
［21］　陈雪, 程绪铎, 龙桃, 等. 带锥斗筒仓内小麦堆孔隙率分布研究［J］. 粮食科技与经济, 2019, 44(10): 48-52.
Chen Xue, Cheng Xuduo, Long Tao, et al. Research on porosity distribution of paddy in silos ［J］. Grain Science and Technology and Economy, 2019, 44(10): 48-52.
［22］　杨英强, 俞忠. 粮食物性和粮层阻力实验研究［J］. 实验室研究与探索, 2008, 27(8): 32-34.Yang Yingqiang, Yu Zhong. Experimental study of grain physics and grain bulk resistance ［J］. Research and Exploration in Laboratory, 2008, 27(8): 32-34.
［23］　Khalili A, Morad M R, Matyka M, et al. Porosity variation below a fluidporous interface ［J］. Chemical Engineering Science, 2014, 107: 311-316.
［24］　鲍德松, 张训生, 徐光磊, 等. 平面颗粒流的瓶颈效应及其与速度的关系［J］. 物理学报, 2003, 52(2): 401-404.Bao Desong, Zhang Xunsheng, Xu Guanglei, et al. The choke effect on a twodimensional granular flow and the relation with its speed ［J］. Acta Physica Sinica, 2003, 52(2): 401-404.
［25］　Bennamoun L, Belhamri A. Mathematical description of heat and mass transfer during deep bed drying: Effect of product shrinkage on bed porosity ［J］. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2008, 28(17-18): 2236-2244.
［26］　Li T, Tong J, Liu M, et al. Online detection of impurities in corn deepbed drying process utilizing machine vision ［J］. Foods, 2022, 11(24): 4009.
［27］　Peng G, Ohta T. Velocity and density profiles of granular flow in channels using a lattice gas automaton ［J］. Physical Review E, 1997, 55(6): 6811.
［28］　徐泳, Kafui K D, Thornton C. 用颗粒离散元法模拟料仓卸料过程［J］. 农业工程学报, 1999, 15(3): 65-69.Xu Yong, K. D. Kafui, C. Thornton. Silo discharge simulations with different particulate properties using the distinct element method ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 1999, 15(3): 65-69.
［29］　朱鸿琛, 胡林, 白建勇. 三维漏斗中颗粒流量及其相关因素研究［J］. 物理实验, 2010, 30(5): 39-42, 46.Zhu Hongchen, Hu Lin, Bai Jianyong. Granular flow in threedimensional funnel ［J］. Physics Experimentation, 2010, 30(5): 39-42, 46.
［30］　马云海. 农业物料学［M］. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2015.

[1]	丁宏斌, 吴亮, 臧泽鹏, 徐彦瑞, 黄晓鹏, 吴劲锋. 籽瓜固形物微波真空干燥特性及其品质研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(8): 88-94.
[2]	孙振刚, 陈健, 屈佳蕾, 廖芷柔, 王婷婷, 闫国琦, . 化橘红干燥技术与设备研究现状及对策[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(8): 110-117.
[3]	丁立利, 薛红睿, 王盼盼, 张家瑞, 贺成柱, 吕凤玉. 基于收获加工工艺的新型牧草捆干燥设备设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(7): 118-124.
[4]	袁小伟, 蒋志琴, 杨双平, 吕慧捷, 道尔吉才仁. 辣椒切片机设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(3): 82-87.
[5]	阚明琪, 王庆惠, 郭俊先, 闫圣坤, 万文瑜. 基于响应面法的哈密瓜片热风干燥工艺优化研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(3): 94-100.
[6]	贾德强, 贺成柱, 丁立利. AHP-熵权法结合BoxBehnken响应面法优化当归微波真空干燥工艺研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(2): 60-68.
[7]	钱睿, 吴达科, 杨明金. 基于Fluent的棉花烘房流场均匀性优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(1): 152-161.
[8]	何敬宇, 宋卫东, 王教领, 丁天航, 王明友. 折射窗干燥试验台设计与干燥品质评价[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(6): 110-118.
[9]	杜元杰, 谢焕雄, 魏海, 颜建春, 徐效伟, 陈文明. 远红外粮食烘干设备发展现状[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(11): 107-117.
[10]	赵星辰, 冯荣, 李旭杰, 李泽泉, 崔红, 孟欣, . 汽油发电机驱动的热泵干燥系统制热性能仿真[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(1): 101-108.
[11]	王教领;宋卫东;任彩红;吴今姬;王明友;丁天航;. 我国香菇干燥技术研究进展[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(7): 76-83.
[12]	刘明政;李长河;曹成茂;李心平;车稷;赵华洋;. 核桃副产物加工关键技术与装置研究现状[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(5): 55-74.
[13]	陈涛;衣淑娟;李衣菲;陶桂香;毛欣;. 北方谷子物料特性的试验研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(5): 75-80.
[14]	王教领;宋卫东;金诚谦;丁天航;王明友;吴今姬;. 转轮除湿干燥技术研究进展[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(4): 110-119.
[15]	姜春慧;张倩;杨娜;李武强;马嘉伟;黄晓鹏;. 桔梗切片远红外干燥特性及动力学研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(2): 92-100.