关键词: 小白菜, 播种机, 开沟器, 气吸式, 田间测试

Abstract: At present, Chinese cabbage is mostly sown by artificial sowing, which is not only low level of mechanization, but also high labor cost. Aiming at this problem, this paper designs an air suction type cabbage seeder, and studies the trench opener on the machine. Through calculation, the key parameters of the trencher are determined, including: the insertion angle is 123°, the sliding blade angle is 35°, the sliding blade curve function is Y=0.002x2+0.7x. In order to improve the furrow opening performance of the furrow opener, two types of furrow opener, type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ, are designed in this paper. EDEM software is used to simulate the furrow opening conditions of the two types of furrow opener in the soil tank. After comparison, the furrow opening performance of the type Ⅰ furrow opener is determined to be better. The statics analysis of type Ⅰ furrow opener was carried out by ANSYS finite element analysis software, and the design of furrow opener was verified to meet the strength requirements of materials. Finally, field tests were carried out on the machine, and the sowing capacity of the machine was 4.08 kg/hm2. The standard deviation was 0.12 g and the coefficient of variation was 3.1%. The standard deviation of total seeding stability was 0.97 g, and the coefficient of variation was 2.8%. The experimental results show that the planter has good sowing uniformity in each row, which can provide theoretical reference for the design of cabbage sowing machinery and improve the production efficiency of vegetable planting industry.

Key words: Chinese cabbage, seeder, ditcher, air suction, field test