宽苗带小麦免耕施肥播种机设计与试验

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.20955553.2022.02.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对小麦玉米轮作区，玉米收获后小麦种植时间紧张，播种效率低的问题，采用宽苗带播种模式，搅龙型覆土整平机构，设计一种宽苗带小麦免耕施肥播种机，一次进地可同时完成灭茬、施肥、播种、覆土整平、镇压等工作。对苗带灭茬装置的旋耕刀片排布安装进行设计，确定苗带旋耕灭茬的方式；通过EDEM软件对宽苗带分布器排种过程进行仿真，确定分种板的位置参数；对搅龙覆土整平装置进行力学与运动学分析，确定搅龙叶片的螺旋升角取33°。在玉米小麦两熟区进行试验，结果表明，播种深度，种肥高度差和苗带宽度的合格率分别为93.1%，100%和94%，机具通过性良好，各项指标满足农艺要求。

关键词: 免耕播种机, 宽苗带, 搅龙覆土, 苗带灭茬, EDEM

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of tight wheat planting time after corn harvest and low planting efficiency in the wheatcorn rotation area, a wide seedling belt notillage fertilizing planter was designed with a wide seedling belt sowing method and stirring dragon type covering soil leveling device. The planter can complete stubble removal, fertilization, sowing, soil covering and leveling, suppression, etc. Through designing the rotary knife arrangement of the seedling belt stubble removal device, the determination of the seedling belt stubble removal method was completed. The seeding process of the wide seedling belt distributor was simulated by EDEM software, and the position parameters of the seeding plate were determined. The mechanics and kinematics analysis of the stirring dragon type covering soil leveling device was carried out, and the helix angle of the spiral blade was determined to be 33°. Experiments were carried out in the corn and wheat double cropping area, and the results showed that the qualified rates of sowing depth, seed fertilizer height difference, and seedling belt width were 93.1%, 100%, and 94%, and the passability of the planter was good. The indicators met the agronomic requirements.

Key words: notillage planter;wide seedling belt, stirring dragon type covering soil leveling, stubble removal on the seedling belt;EDEM

中图分类号:

S223.2

张宝昌, 胡培杰, 陈为鹏, 邱田元, 杨善东. 宽苗带小麦免耕施肥播种机设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(2): 22-27.

Zhang Baochang, Hu Peijie, Chen Weipeng, Qiu Tianyuan, Yang Shandong.. Design and experiment of notillage fertilizer planter for wheat with wide seedling belt[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 43(2): 22-27.

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