关键词: 基质块, 成型机, 蔬菜, 移栽, 压块, 制钵

Abstract:  Substrate block seedling has the advantages of root and seedling protection, short seedling delay period, and high survival rate. However, the market of substrate block seedling is relatively small, mainly limited by inadequate matrix block molding processing equipment. Therefore, a vegetable seedling substrate block molding machine was designed in this paper, which could realize the functions of automatic soil laying, block pressing, block throwing, and conveying. The structure of the whole machine, the transmission system, the bowl plate mechanism, the pressing block, and the throwing block mechanism were designed successively. Three factors affecting molding quality were tested by an orthogonal test with earthworm manure to clay soil. The test results showed that the optimal parameter combination was obtained as mixing ratio of 1∶3, the compression ratio of 0.65, and the moisture content of 10%. In this condition, the dimensional stability was 98.96%, the antibreaking pressure was 246.86 N, and the dispersion rate was 4.15%, which could meet the substrate block seedling transplanting requirements to provide theoretical reference for the research and development of substrate block forming processing line.

Key words:  substrate block, forming machine, vegetables, transplanting, press block, system port