As stakeholders in agricultural green production, it is of great practical significance to explore the influencing factors of farmers' green production willingness, so as to realize the high‑quality development of agriculture and help achieve the goal of “double carbon”. Based on the survey data from agricultural households in eight cities, districts, and counties in the Jianghan Plain, in the context of the current rural labor force exodus and the aging of the population, the Ordered Logit and Moderated Effects Models were used to empirically analyze the impact of agricultural household division and intergenerational differences on the willingness of agricultural households to engage in green production. The study demonstrates that both farm household differentiation and intergenerational differences are positively correlated with farmers' willingness to engage in green production. Secondly, the impact of farm household differentiation on farmers' willingness to engage in green production is examined, with intergenerational differences employed as moderating variables to enhance the strength of farmers' green production willingness. Thirdly, there is a threshold effect of planting scale on farmers' willingness to engage in green production. As the scale of planting expands, farmers demonstrate a stronger inclination towards green production. It is evident that intergenerational differences are more pronounced in reinforcing the green production willingness of farmers with a high degree of differentiation and a substantial planting scale. In light of this, it is advisable to facilitate the influx of industrial and commercial capital into rural areas, unleash the productive potential of the labor force, disseminate targeted policy messages on agricultural green production to both new and established generations of farmers, reinforce the constructive transfer of green production knowledge, and provide guidance to farmers in pursuing moderate‑scale operations.