整排夹茎式穴盘苗取投苗系统设计与试验

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2023.06.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对现有穴盘苗取投苗系统结构复杂、对根系损伤大的问题，综合夹茎式和整排取苗的特点，设计一种整排夹茎式取投苗系统。该系统通过移盘机构实现穴盘苗的进给，采用往复机构和夹苗机构实现取苗、投苗作业，使用柔性链输苗机构实现分苗和送苗作业。对取苗过程进行静力学分析，同时对投苗过程进行运动学分析，确定取投苗机构结构参数。以取苗成功率、投苗成功率和茎叶损伤率为试验指标进行取投苗试验。试验表明：在番茄钵苗苗龄为45 d、基质含水率为6347%、取投苗频率为90株/min时，平均取苗成功率为961%，平均投苗成功率为943%，平均伤苗率为39%。研究结果可为全自动化取投苗装置研究提供参考。

关键词: 移栽机, 取投苗系统, 夹苗机构, 运动分析, 取投苗成功率

Abstract: In order to address the problems of complex structure and significant root damage in the existing tray seedling picking and transplanting systems, a wholerow stemclamping system is designed in this study by integrating the characteristics of stemclamping and wholerow seedling picking. The system consists of a seedling plate conveying mechanism, a seedling delivery agency, a seedling taking and throwing mechanism, and a power control system. The structural parameters of seedling taking and throwing mechanism were determined by static analysis of the seedling taking process and kinematic analysis of the seedling throwing process. A test was carried out on 45dayold tomato seedlings with a substrate moisture content of 63.47%, using the success rate of picking and dropping and the rate of stem and leaf damage as test indicators. The test showed that the seedling picking and transplanting device was reliable and stable, with a success rate of 96.1% for seedling picking, 94.3% for seedling transplanting, and a seedling injury rate of 3.9% when the picking and transplanting frequency was 90 plants/min. These results met the requirements of the automatic transplanter for vegetable cavity trays. The results of the study can be used as a reference for designing and optimizing the operating parameters of the automatic transplanter for vegetable cavity trays.

Key words: automatic transplanting machine, seedling taking and throwing system, seedling agency, kinematic analysis, the success rate of taking seedlings

中图分类号:

S223.92

张小亮, 谢守勇, 苑晓亮, 邓成志, 刘凡一, 王鹏. 整排夹茎式穴盘苗取投苗系统设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(6): 42-47.

Zhang Xiaoliang, Xie Shouyong, Yuan Xiaoliang, Deng Chengzhi, Liu Fanyi, Wang Peng. Design and experiment of seedling taking and throwing device with stem clipping for#br# vegetable plug seedling#br#[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2023, 44(6): 42-47.

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