基于ANSYS的刷辊式履带棉花收获机底盘车架CAE分析与优化

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2025.07.037

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于我国长江、黄河流域棉花种植区地形复杂、田间作业行驶不稳定，为适应田间收获作业，研制刷辊式履带棉花收获机。为确保该收获机的整体底盘车架结构设计的安全性、了解整体底盘车架的振动特性，首先使用SolidWorks对整体底盘车架进行三维建模，结合ANSYS Workbench对整个底盘车架进行静力学以及模态仿真分析。仿真结果表明：在静态载荷条件下，该底盘车架整体变形结果为最大部分变形量为1.929 mm，履带行走底盘最大变形量为1.436 3 mm，整体底盘车架的最大等效应力为226.97 MPa，平均等效应力为5.587 9 MPa，综合静态结构的仿真结果来看，该收获机可以达到安全使用标准。整体底盘车架采用8阶模态分析，确定底盘车架的振动特性。结果表明：8阶模态结果的固有频率范围都在100 Hz以下，整体底盘车架在正常工作条件下主要受到低阶频率振动的影响，符合整体结构设计的预期效果。

关键词: 棉花收获机, 履带底盘, ANSYS, 结构优化, 静态结构, 模态分析

Abstract: Due to the complex terrain in cotton planting areas along the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins in China, as well as unstable driving conditions during field operations, this study developed a brush roller crawler cotton harvester tailored for field harvesting. To ensure the safety and structural integrity of the harvesters chassis frame, and to understand its vibration characteristics, this study utilized 3D modeling software SolidWorks for the design of the overall chassis frame. Additionally, ANSYS Workbench was employed to conduct static and modal simulation analyses on the entire chassis frame. The simulation results after structural optimization show that under static load conditions, the maximum partial deformation of the chassis frame was 1.929 mm, the maximum deformation of the tracked walking chassis was 1.4363 mm, the maximum equivalent stress of the overall chassis frame was 226.97 MPa, and the average equivalent stress was 5.5879MPa. These results suggest that the frame meets the safety use standard for practical use. To assess the vibration characteristics, the chassis frame underwent 8-order modal analysis, revealing that the natural frequency range for all modes was below 100 Hz. This indicated that under normal working conditions, the chassis frame is predominantly affected by low-frequency vibrations. This aligns with the design expectations of the frames overall structure.

Key words: cotton harvester, crawler chassis, ANSYS, structural optimization, static structure, modal analysis

中图分类号:

S225.91+1

王振龙, 谢庆, 孔凡婷, 张湲湲, 孙勇飞, 陈长林. 基于ANSYS的刷辊式履带棉花收获机底盘车架CAE分析与优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(7): 260-266.

Wang Zhenlong, Xie Qing, Kong Fanting, Zhang Yuanyuan, Sun Yongfei, Chen Changlin. CAE analysis and optimization of chassis frame of brush roller crawler cotton harvester based on ANSYS [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 46(7): 260-266.

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