沉降距离对植保无人机雾滴粒径分布影响

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095⁃5553.2022.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究沉降距离对植保无人机雾滴粒径分布的影响，利用T16植保无人机对烟草进行喷洒试验，基于不同沉降距离下的雾滴数量占比、雾滴体积占比和雾滴覆盖密度数据，揭示无人机雾滴粒径分布规律，并提出无人机喷雾作业参数的优化建议。结果表明：在沉降距离一定的情况下，雾滴数量占比符合威布尔分布，雾滴体积占比符合高斯分布。沉降距离越小，雾滴覆盖密度越小，然而沉降距离对雾滴数量占比和体积占比的影响可忽略不计。0~200 μm的小尺寸雾滴的数量占比大（80%），但其体积占比小（30%）；200~400 μm的中尺寸雾滴的数量占比小（18%），但其体积占比大（65%）。1 L/min的喷头流量和3.5 m/s的飞行速度偏小，建议适当增大，同时作业高度宜设定在2 m左右。

关键词: 植保无人机, 雾滴粒径, 沉降距离, 作业参数

Abstract: In order to study the effect of settling distance on droplet size distribution of plant protection UAV, T16 was used to conduct spraying experiment on tobacco. Based on the proportion of droplets number, proportion of droplets volume, and droplets coverage density under different settling distances, the mechanism of UAV droplets size distribution was revealed and optimization suggestions on UAV spraying operation parameters were put forward. The results showed that at a certain settling distance, the proportion of droplets number conformed to the Weibull distribution, and the proportion of droplets conformed to the Gaussian distribution. The smaller the settling distance, the smaller the droplets coverage density. However, the effect of settling distance on the proportion of droplets number and volume were both negligible. The proportion of 0~200 μm small⁃sized droplets number was 80%, while the proportion of their volume was 30%. The proportion of 200~400 μm medium⁃sized droplets number was 18%, while the proportion of their volume was 65%. It was recommended to increase the nozzle flow rate and flying speed appropriately, as 1 L/min and 3.5 m/s were slightly low. Also the operating height should be set at about 2m.

Key words: plant protection UAV, droplet size, settling distance, operation parameter

中图分类号:

S494

王聪, 周仁建, 朱小波, 邓佳, 罗伍周, 舒炎昕. 沉降距离对植保无人机雾滴粒径分布影响[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(3): 53-59.

Wang Cong, Zhou Renjian, Zhu Xiaobo, Deng Jia, Luo Wuzhou, Shu Yanxin.. Effect of settling distance on droplet size distribution of plant protection UAV[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 43(3): 53-59.

参考文献

[1] 兰玉彬, 彭瑾, 金济. 农药喷雾粒径的研究现状与发展[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2016, 37(6): 1-9.
Lan Yubing, Peng Jin, Jin Ji. Research status and development of pesticide spraying droplet size [J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2016, 37(6): 1-9.
[2] 李英, 张晓辉, 孔庆勇, 等. 浅析雾滴尺寸的取决因素及其对喷雾效果的影响[J]. 农业装备技术, 2003(5): 35-36.
[3] 袁会珠, 王国宾. 雾滴大小和覆盖密度与农药防治效果的关系[J]. 植物保护, 2015, 41(6): 9-16.
Yuan Huizhu, Wang Guobin. Effects of droplet size and deposition density on field efficacy of pesticides [J]. Plant Protection, 2015, 41(6): 9-16.
[4] 周立新, 薛新宇, 孙竹, 等. 航空喷雾用电动离心喷头试验研究[J]. 中国农机化, 2011(1): 107-111.
Zhou Lixin, Xue Xinyu, Sun Zhu, et al. Experimental study on electrical⁃driven centrifugal nozzle of aerial sprays [J]. Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2011(1): 107-111.
[5] 茹煜, 金兰, 周宏平, 等. 航空施药旋转液力雾化喷头性能试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2014, 30(3): 50-55.
Ru Yu, Jin Lan, Zhou Hongping, et al. Performance experiment of rotary hydraulic atomizing nozzle for aerial spraying application [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2014, 30(3): 50-55.
[6] 余文胜, 郑文钟, 洪一前, 等. 植保无人机作业参数对雾滴在茶树冠层沉积分布影响研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(12): 30-35.
Yu Wensheng, Zheng Wenzhong, Hong Yiqian, et al. Effects of operation parameters on deposition and distribution of UAV droplets in tea canopy [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2020, 41(12): 30-35.
[7] 谢英杰, 王国宾, 王宝聚, 等. 植保无人机喷施除草剂喷头选择及参数优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(4): 61-69.
Xie Yingjie, Wang Guobing, Wang Baoju, et al. Selection of nozzle type and parameter optimization in herbicide spraying process of plant protection UAV [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2021, 42(4): 61-69.
[8] 朱晓锋, 王明, 徐兵强, 等. 核桃园植保无人机作业参数优选[J]. 植物保护, 2020, 46(4): 25-32.
Zhu Xiaofeng, Wang Ming, Xu Bingqiang, et al. Optimization of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operation parameters in walnut orchards [J]. Plant Protection, 2020, 46(4): 25-32.
[9] 韩冲冲, 李飞, 李保同, 等. 无人机喷施雾滴在水稻群体内的沉积分布及防效研究[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2019, 41(1): 58-67.
Han Chongchong, Li Fei, Li Baotong, et al. A study on deposition distribution of droplets by UAV spray in rice population and its efficacy [J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis (Natural Sciences Edition), 2019, 41(1): 58-67.
[11] MH/T 1002.1-2016, 农业航空作业质量技术指标第1部分：喷洒作业[S].
[12] 许童羽, 于丰华, 曹英丽, 等. 粳稻多旋翼植保无人机雾滴沉积垂直分布研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2017, 48(10): 101-107.
Xu Tongyu, Yu Fenghua, Cao Yingli, et al. Vertical distribution of spray droplet deposition of plant protection multi rotor UAV for japonica rice [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 2017, 48(10): 101-107.
[13] 张慧春, Dorr Gary, 郑加强, 等. 扇形喷头雾滴粒径分布风洞试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2012, 43(6): 53-57, 52.
Zhang Huichun, Dorr Gary, Zhen Jiaqiang, et al. Wind tunnel experiment of influence on droplet size distribution of flat fan nozzles [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 2012, 43(6): 53-57, 52.
[14] 谢晨, 何雄奎, 宋坚利, 等. 两类扇形雾喷头雾化过程比较研究[J]. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(5): 25-30.
Xie Chen, He Xiongkui, Song Jianli, et al. Comparative research of two kinds of flat fan nozzle atomization process [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2013, 29(5): 25-30.
[15] 唐青, 陈立平, 张瑞瑞, 等. 高速气流条件下标准扇形喷头和空气诱导喷头雾化特性[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(22): 121-128.
Tang Qing, Chen Liping, Zhang Ruirui, et al. Atomization characteristics of normal flat fan nozzle and air induction nozzle under high speed airflow conditions [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32(22): 121-128.
[16] 李继宇, 郭爽, 姚伟祥, 等. 气流作业下雾滴粒径稻株间分布特性与风洞模拟试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2019, 50(8): 148-156.
Li Jiyu, Guo Shuang, Yao Weixiang, et al. Distribution Characteristics of droplet size in rice field and wind tunnel simulation test under airflow operation [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 2019, 50(8): 148-156.
[17] Sugiura Masaaki, Horibe Yoshihiro, Kawada Hitoshi, et al. Effect of different droplet size on the knockdown efficacy of directly sprayed insecticides [J]. Pest Management Science, 2011, 67(9): 1115-1123.
[18] 田志伟, 薛新宇, 徐阳, 等. 植保无人机下洗气流对作物冠层作用规律研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2021, 52(1): 40-48.

[1]	胡聪旭, 周建平, 刘新德, 许燕, . 前飞来流和侧风对植保无人机下洗流场影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(5): 61-70.
[2]	谢尧庆, 邓继忠, 叶家杭, 霍静朗, 严智威. 基于5G的无人机图传及在植保无人机的应用展望[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(1): 135-141.
[3]	任帅阳, 高爱民, 张勇, 韩伟, . 六旋翼植保无人机旋翼折叠机构有限元分析及拓扑优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(9): 53-58+194.
[4]	Fiaz Ahmad, 邱白晶, 董晓娅, 马靖, 黄鑫, Shibbir Ahmed, Farman Ali Chandio, 蔡晨, . 植保无人飞机作业参数对田外除草靶标区内外雾滴沉积规律的影响[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(8): 74-82.
[5]	郭祥雨;薛新宇;秦维彩;王珊;刘小明;. 植保无人机作业参数对棕榈树雾滴沉积的影响[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(6): 35-40.
[6]	于金友;尚德林;兰玉彬;范鑫;韩鑫;. 植保无人机药箱防晃性能检测试验台设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(6): 60-66.
[7]	李桦;黄蝶君;. 智能化农机装备补贴体系设计——以广东植保无人机补贴为例[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(6): 97-102.
[8]	谢英杰;王国宾;王宝聚;单常峰;兰玉彬;. 植保无人机喷施除草剂喷头选择及参数优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(4): 61-69.
[9]	陈彬, 张井超, 于庆旭, 谭本垠, 夏敏, 刘燕. 雾滴粒径测量技术及激光粒度分析仪测量不确定度评定^*[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(11): 37-42.
[10]	于金友;孔辉;兰玉彬;孔凡霞;韩鑫;白京波;. 植保无人机飞行方向对篱架式作物施药总量及农药利用率的影响[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(5): 53-57.
[11]	李良孔;李春;袁善奎;. 植保无人机药箱相关结构专利技术研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(5): 58-63.
[12]	余文胜;郑文钟;洪一前;杨晓平;. 植保无人机作业参数对雾滴在茶树冠层沉积分布影响研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(12): 30-35.
[13]	范鑫;王建国;兰玉彬;张佳蕾;伊丽丽;韩鑫;. 飞行参数对结荚期花生航空施药雾滴沉积特性的影响[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(12): 36-41.
[14]	金永奎;薛新宇;秦维彩;孙竹;. 电动单旋翼植保无人机性能试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2019, 40(3): 56-61.
[15]	张晓;龚艳;陈晓;刘德江;王果;. 设施农业可控雾滴智能施药技术研究与应用[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2019, 40(11): 49-54.