云南小粒种咖啡初加工工艺发展现状及趋势*

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.20955553.2021.11.31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 咖啡初加工是云南小粒种咖啡产业链发展至关重要的环节,初加工后的咖啡生豆品质直接影响咖啡商品豆的交易价格和销售前景。咖啡的初加工方法各异,工艺环节众多,主要包括青红果分离与分级、脱皮、脱胶、干燥、脱壳等步骤,所需加工工艺复杂,每个步骤的加工处理都影响着最终的咖啡品质。为此,详细介绍各类加工方法适用条件,阐述国内外咖啡初加工的工艺方法发展现状与对比分析。结合云南当地独特环境展望合适的发展趋势,提出推进咖啡初加工机械化规模化,探索微生物脱胶与人工干燥技术的研究应用,注重节能节水与环保无污染的加工技术设备研发,健全规范咖啡初加工操作流程和加强咖啡商品豆贮藏运输的发展意见。

关键词: 小粒种咖啡, 初加工, 发酵工艺, 干燥技术

Abstract: The primary processing of coffee is a crucial part of the development of the Yunnan Arabica Coffee industry chain. The quality of green coffee beans after primary processing directly affects the transaction price and sales prospects of commercial coffee beans. Coffee has different initial processing methods and numerous technological links, including separating and classifying green and red coffee cherries, peeling, degumming, drying, and shelling. The required processing technology is complicated, and the processing of each step affects the final coffee quality. To this end, the applicable conditions of various processing methods are introduced in detail. The development status of domestic and foreign coffee primary processing methods and comparative analysis are described. Combining with the unique local environment in Yunnan and looking forward to appropriate development trends, it is proposed to promote the mechanization of coffee primary processing on a large scale, explore the research and application of microbial degumming and artificial drying technology, pay attention to the research and development of energy-saving, water-saving, environmentally friendly and pollution-free processing technology and equipment. In addition, it is also necessary to improve the standardization of coffee primary processing operational procedures and strengthen the storage and transportation of coffee beans.

Key words: Arabica Coffee, primary processing, fermentation technology, drying technology

中图分类号:

S571.2

吴建, 蒋快乐, 时玲, 陈治华, 匡欢, 赵英群. 云南小粒种咖啡初加工工艺发展现状及趋势^*[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(11): 205-213.

Wu Jian, Jiang Kuaile, Shi Ling, Chen Zhihua, Kuang Huan, Zhao Yingqun. Development status and trend of Yunnan Arabica Coffee primary processing[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2021, 42(11): 205-213.

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云南小粒种咖啡初加工工艺发展现状及趋势^*

Development status and trend of Yunnan Arabica Coffee primary processing

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