关键词: 移动式开沟器, 免耕播种, 离散元仿真, 秸秆位移, 土壤扰动

Abstract: To address the problem of mobile furrow openers becoming blocked by straw during no-till operations, a discrete element model was developed to analyze the interactions among the furrow opener, straw, and soil. Straw displacement was used as the primary evaluation indicator, and single-factor experiments were conducted to examine the effects of straw coverage, operating speed, working depth, transverse spacing, and longitudinal spacing on this indicator. A collision model was also constructed to study forces between soil and straw. To evaluate the furrow opener's disturbance effects on soil at both micro and micro levels, the crosssectional area and excavation rate were used as additional test indicators. The results showed that all experimental factors significantly influenced straw displacement, with horizontal displacement being the most affected, followed by lateral and vertical displacements. The horizontal displacement decreased with increasing straw coverage but increased consistently with operating speed. It first decreased and then increased with greater transverse spacing and working depth, and decreased with increased longitudinal spacing. The velocity distribution curve of soil particles closely matched both the arc of the cutting blade and the straw's velocity distribution. The relative errors in the cross-sectional area  of the front and rear furrow openers were 2.48% and 5.2%, respectively, while the relative errors in excavation rate were 0.27% and 5.14%, respectively. These results provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing the design of mobile furrow openers to reduce blockages during no-till farming operations.

Key words: mobile furrow opener, no-till sowing, discrete element simulation, straw displacement, soil disturbance