基于CFD的冬季房舍式牛舍湿热环境模拟及优化

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2024.10.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究北方寒地房舍式牛舍风速场、温度场和相对湿度场的分布规律，应用计算流体力学(CFD)方法，对冬季河北省承德市的房舍式牛舍的风速场、温度场和相对湿度场进行三维数值模拟。结果表明：南北相对的两个通风口在自然通风模式下，过道处风速在0.5~1.60 m/s之间，牛只活动区域风速基本保持在0~0.4 m/s之间，大部分区域风速在0.1 m/s以下，舍内气流分布不均匀。牛舍内的平均温度在10.7 ℃左右，牛只活动区域的相对湿度基本保持在50%~60%之间。在牛舍既有结构不变的情况下对牛舍通风口的位置和数量进行改进，优化通风方案后牛舍内风速在0.1~0.6 m/s之间，基本没有通风死角。实测值与模拟值的归一化均方误差(NMSE)值小于0.25，说明现场实测与数值模拟有较好的吻合度，能够为中国北方寒地房舍式牛舍环境情况评估和通风方案优化提供有益参考。

关键词: 计算流体力学, 房舍式牛舍, 湿热环境, 数值模拟, 通风优化

Abstract: In order to study the distribution law of wind speed, temperature and relative humidity field of the house‑type cowshed in the cold region of north China, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is used to simulate the wind speed, temperature and relative humidity of a house‑type cowshed in Chengde, Hebei Province in winter. The simulation results show that under the natural ventilation mode, the wind speed in the passageway is 0.5-1.60 m/s, the wind speed in the cattle movement area is basically between 0-0.4 m/s, and the wind speed in most areas is below 0.1 m/s, and the air distribution in the cowshed is not uniform. The average temperature in the cowshed is about 10.7 ℃, and the relative humidity in the cattle movement area is basically kept 50%-60%. Under the condition that the existing structure of the cowshed remains unchanged, the position and number of the ventilation vents in the cowshed are improved. After the optimization of the ventilation scheme, the wind speed in the cattle barn is 0.1-0.6 m/s, and there is basically no dead angle of ventilation. The normalized mean square error (NMSE) values of the measured and simulated values are both less than 0.25, indicating that the field measurement has a good agreement with the numerical simulation. This study can provide useful reference for environmental assessment and ventilation scheme optimization of house‑type cowsheds in cold regions of northern China.

Key words: CFD, house?type cowshed, hot and humid environment, numerical simulation, ventilation optimization

中图分类号:

S823

李建丽, 程雪, 王娟, . 基于CFD的冬季房舍式牛舍湿热环境模拟及优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(10): 69-75.

Li Jianli, , Cheng Xue, , Wang Juan, . Simulation and optimization of hot and humid environment in winter house‑type cowshed based on CFD[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(10): 69-75.

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