水药分离变量喷洒系统设计与试验

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2023.11.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为克服传统农药喷洒方式混药不合理和喷洒控制复杂及高成本的缺点，设计一种水和药独立供给控制的变量喷洒系统。首先通过分析SK、SX和SH三种混合器的性能，确定单元数为3的SK型混合器。然后设计喷头转速、喷头高度等试验方案，测得喷头转速为11 750r/min（占空比为75%），幅角为112.6°，喷头高度为1.0m时，作物单位面积颗粒数达48个/cm2以上，施药浓度误差不大于3%。最后以小麦返青时节纹枯病为防治对象，对人工作业区、无人机作业区、变量喷洒区以及对照区域进行喷洒试验。结果表明：在喷洒15天和30天后，变量喷洒区域的1级和2级生长情况之和占比均达到97%，小麦返青期纹枯病的防治效果较理想，高于其他区域。

关键词: 水药分离, 变量喷洒, 植保机械, 病虫害等级, 混合性能

Abstract: In order to overcome the shortcomings of unreasonable mixing of traditional pesticide spraying methods and the complexity and high cost of spraying control, a variable spraying system with independent supply control of water and pesticide was designed in this paper. Firstly, the SK mixer with 3 units was determined by analyzing the performance of SK, SX and SH mixers. Then, the test schemes such as nozzle speed and nozzle height were designed. When the nozzle speed was 11 750r/min (Duty cycle was 75%), the amplitude angle was 112.6, and the nozzle height was 1.0 m, the number of particles per unit area of crops reached more than 48 pieces/cm2, and the error of pesticide concentration was not more than 3%. Finally, taking the wheat sheath blight as the control object, the spraying experiments were carried out on the manual operation area, the UAV operation area, the variable spraying area and the blank area. The results showed that the sum of grade 1 and grade 2 growth conditions in the variable spraying area accounted for 97%, and the control effect of wheat sheath blight at returning green stage was ideal, which was higher than that in other areas after 15 days and 30 days of spraying.

Key words: waterpesticide separation, variable spraying, plant protection machinery, disease and pest level, mixing performance

中图分类号:

S224.3

张宝玉, 朱鹏宇, 张怀杨, 王卫兵, 孙铁波. 水药分离变量喷洒系统设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(11): 57-62.

Zhang Baoyu, Zhu Pengyu, Zhang Huaiyang, Wang Weibing, Sun Tiebo. Design and experiment of variable spraying system for waterpesticide separation[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2023, 44(11): 57-62.

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