关键词: 设施蔬菜, 排种器, 精量播种, 卡尔曼滤波

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of missseeding and reseeding existed in the vegetable planting process, a precision seed metering device based on Kalman filter PID control technology was designed. The key components of the seed metering device and monitoring device were designed, and the control system of sensor realtime monitoring speed signal was established. At the same time, different crop spacing values were used as the control basis, and the PID control method of compensation and Kalman filter was used to maintain the stability of speed by regulating the motor, so as to achieve precision seeding. The simulation results showed that the introduction of Kalman filter could effectively suppress the noise interference and improve the system stability. Taking the rotation speed and walking speed of the seed metering plate as variables, and taking the qualified rate of plant spacing, reseeding rate, missed planting rate and coefficient of variation of plant spacing as indicators, a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test with two factors and five levels was carried out. The bench test showed that the coefficient of variation of plant spacing was within the specified range of ≤35% at different vehicle speeds. When the speed of the seeding plate was 10 r/min and the walking speed was 16 km/h, the qualified rate of plant spacing was 95.9%. The reseeding rate was 2.9%, the missedseeding rate was 1.9%, and the coefficient of variation of plant spacing was 12.1%, which met the requirements for precise sowing of facility vegetables.

Key words: facility vegetables, seed metering device, precision seeding, Kalman filter