机载水稻抛秧装置输送顶出机构优化设计及仿真

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095‑5553.2024.11.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水稻抛秧具有效率高、秧苗损伤小等优势。基于此，设计一种连续型秧苗自动输送及顶出机构，对输送机构进行设计及受力分析，得到中间仿形架受力最大约为23.47 N，静力学分析得出仿形架最大应力为36 MPa，最大位移变形量为0.6 mm，最大应变为0.012。对钵体顶出及斜抛过程进行受力分析，计算出钵体质心到底面距离为9.71 mm，得出钵体脱盘时的最小翻滚角度与翻滚角速度、下落垂直距离的关系。对顶针进行参数优化，当顶针总长为50 mm，凸台长度为5 mm时，钵体顶出完整性较好。以顶针安装角、顶出力为试验因素，以钵体顶出后的二维空间位移为指标，进行ADAMS运动学仿真试验及正交试验，当仿真试验水平和竖直位移达到最小值时，顶针安装角为25°、顶出力为1.5 N；进行正交试验验证仿真结果，当试验因素水平一致时，水平和竖直位移达到最小值。通过分析得出安装角对指标影响极显著，顶出力对指标影响较显著。研究结果可为水稻抛秧装置设计和作业参数优化提供重要参考。

关键词: 水稻钵苗, 农业机械, 顶出式, 运动分析

Abstract: Rice seedling throwing has the advantages of high efficiency and small seedling damage. In this paper, a continuous type of automatic seedling conveying and ejecting mechanism is designed, and the conveying mechanism is designed and the force analysis is carried out. The maximum force of the intermediate copying frame is about 23.47 N. The static analysis shows that the maximum stress of the copying frame is 36 MPa, the maximum displacement and deformation is 0.6 mm, and the maximum strain is 0.012, which meets the design requirements. The distance between the core of the bowl and the bottom surface is 9.71 mm, and the relation between the minimum tumbling Angle and tumbling Angle speed and falling vertical distance is obtained. When the total length of the thimble is 50 mm and the length of the boss is 5 mm, the integrity of the bowl ejection is better. The ADAMS kinematics simulation test and orthogonal test were carried out with thimble mounting Angle and ejection force as test factors, and 2D displacement of the bowl after ejection as index. When the horizontal and vertical displacement of the simulation test reached the minimum value, the mounting Angle of the thimble was 25° and ejection force was 1.5 N. The orthogonal test was carried out to verify the simulation results. When the experimental factors were consistent, the horizontal and vertical displacements reached the minimum values. The analysis shows that the installation Angle has a significant influence on the index, and the jacking force has a significant influence on the index. The research results can provide important reference for the design of rice seedling throwing device and the optimization of operation parameters.

Key words: rice bowl seedling, agricultural machinery, ejector type, motion analysis

中图分类号:

S223.94

葛宜元, 郭宁宁, 齐庆龙, 高洪才. 机载水稻抛秧装置输送顶出机构优化设计及仿真[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(11): 7-14.

Ge Yiyuan, Guo Ningning, Qi Qinglong, Gao Hongcai. Optimization design and simulation of transport and ejection mechanism of airborne rice seedling throwing device[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(11): 7-14.

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