新疆县域拖拉机排放清单及其时空格局

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.20955553.2022.01.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 建立拖拉机污染物排放清单在分析、评价和制定农业机械化生产排放治理措施方面具有重要的研究价值。基于车载排放测试系统进行拖拉机实际工况排放试验，并测度基于油耗的排放因子，结合《非道路移动源排放清单估算方法》建立2008—2019年新疆66个县域非道路移动农用拖拉机排放PM、HC、NOX和CO等污染物清单，并对其演变态势进行分析。以排放清单为聚类样本，应用Kmeans聚类法对66个县域进行区划。结果表明：2008—2019年新疆66个县域污染物排放总量从2.72×104 t增加到3.52×104 t，年均增长率为2.37%，变化趋势呈现出大幅上升、稳步上升、波动下降3个态势。空间维度上，2019年新疆66个县域被划分为轻度、中度和重度排放控制区域，其污染物排放量占总量的占比分别为39.99%、41.31%和18.70%，排放均值分别为312.56 t、806.97 t和2 192.22 t。重度排放控制区分布格局较为分散，轻度和中度排放控制区空间分布呈现较为聚集的特征。不同排放区域的分异驱动机制可归纳为经济社会发展水平差异型、自然环境相异型、农业生产规模激励型和农业机械化程度主导型等。本研究为县域拖拉机排放清单估算、农业机械化生产排放控制区划分和制定差异化的污染物排放治理措施提供参考。

关键词: 拖拉机, 排放清单, 排放控制区域, 分异驱动机制

Abstract: The establishment of tractor pollutant emission inventory has important research value in analyzing, evaluating and formulating emission control measures for agricultural mechanization production. In this paper, based on the portable emission measurement system (PEMS), the emissions of tractors under actual working conditions were tested, and the emission factors based on fuel consumption were measured. Combined with the estimation method of emission inventory of nonroad mobile sources, the emission inventories of PM, HC, NOX and CO from 66 counties and districts in Xinjiang from 2008 to 2019 were established, and its evolution trend is analyzed. Taking the emission inventory of 66 counties in 2019 as the clustering sample, the Kmeans clustering method was applied to divide 66 counties. The results showed that the total pollutant emission of 66 counties in Xinjiang from 2008 to 2019 increased from 2.72×104 t to 3.52×104 t, with an average annual growth rate of 2.37%, and the variation trend showed three trends: large increase, steady increase and fluctuation decrease. In terms of spatial dimension, 66 counties were divided into mild, moderate and severe emission control areas in 2019, and their pollutant emissions accounted for 39.99%、41.31% and 18.70% of the total, respectively. The average emission was 312.56 t、806.97 t and 2 192.22 t, respectively. The distribution pattern of light and heavy emission control areas is relatively dispersed, while the spatial distribution of moderate emission control areas is relatively concentrated. The different driving mechanisms of different emission regions can be summarized into different levels of economic and social development, the difference of natural environment, the incentive of agricultural production scale and the leading degree of agricultural mechanization. This study provides a reference for the estimation of tractor emission inventory in counties, the division of emission control areas of agricultural mechanization production and the formulation of differentiated pollutant emission control measures.

Key words: tractor, emission inventory, emission control area, different driving mechanisms

中图分类号:

S219： X51

吐尔逊·买买提, 赵梦佳, 孔庆好. 新疆县域拖拉机排放清单及其时空格局[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(1): 195-202.

Tursun Mamat, Zhao Mengjia, Kong Qinghao.. Inventory of tractor emissions and its temporal and spatial pattern in Xinjiang counties[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 43(1): 195-202.

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