基于物联网的菜田土壤温湿度监测系统设计

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.20955553.2022.06.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为满足菜田土壤温湿度监控的需要，针对当前蔬菜种植过程中信息化、可视化程度不高等问题，围绕物联网三层架构模型，开发一套可用于菜田的土壤温湿度在线监测系统。该系统由无线土壤温湿度传感器、LoRa协调器主汇聚节点和Web物联网开发平台组成。无线土壤温湿度传感器可实时快速采集土壤温湿度信息，在软硬件上具体阐述低功耗的设计理念，采用模块化的供电方式和分时节能算法提高节点能量有效性，采用数据融合算法及自定义数传协议提高数据传输可靠性；LoRa协调器主汇聚节点实现中短程数据汇总，继而通过4G网络远距离传送至服务器；服务器部署有MySQL数据库、Socket网络端口监听工具以及Web物联网开发平台，用户可通过手机APP或PC浏览器查看实时或历史报表。对传感器数据准确性、通信可靠性和Web物联网开发平台进行测试，测试结果表明：该传感器温度及湿度标定曲线决定系数分别为99.54%和94.59%，整机通讯平均丢包率为4.73%，待机功耗小于11.28 mW，发射瞬时功耗小于662 mW。整个系统稳定可靠，具有成本低、测量精度高、实时性强等优点，可用于菜田中土壤温湿度的实时在线监测。

关键词: 监测系统, 传感器, LoRa, 嵌入式应用, 土壤温湿度

Abstract: In order to meet the needs of soil temperature and moisture monitoring in vegetable fields, aiming at the low degree of informatization and visualization in the current vegetable planting process, this study developed a set of online soil temperature and humidity monitoring systems for vegetable fields based on the threetier architecture model of Internet of things. The system is composed of a wireless soil temperature and moisture sensor, a master sink node of LoRa coordinator, and a web IoT development platform. The sensor can measure the information on soil temperature and moisture. Low power design ideas are described specifically on hardware and software. Modular power supply way and timesharing energy algorithm are adopted to improve the sensor nodes energy efficiency. The algorithms of data fusion and custom data transmission protocol are applied to improve the data transmission reliability. The master sink node of the LoRa coordinator realizes data summary of medium and short distances and then transmits it to the server via a 4G network. The server is deployed with a MySQL database, a socket network port monitoring tool, and a web IoT development platform. Users can view realtime or historical reports through a mobile APP or PC browser. Sensor data accuracy, communication reliability, and web IoT development platform are tested in this paper. The test results showed that the determination coefficients for the temperature and moisture calibration curves of this sensor were 99.54% and 94.59%, respectively. The communication loss rate, standby power, and launch of the instantaneous power of the whole machine were 4.73%, less than 11.28 mW, and less than 662 mW, respectively. The whole monitoring system was stable and reliable and had the advantages of low cost, high measurement accuracy, and strong realtime performance. It could be used for realtime and online monitoring of soil temperature and moisture in vegetable fields.

Key words: monitoring system, sensors, LoRa, embedded application, soil temperature and moisture

中图分类号:

朱霏雨, 刘木华, 袁海超, 赵进辉, 俞豪骏, . 基于物联网的菜田土壤温湿度监测系统设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(6): 190-198.

Zhu Feiyu, Liu Muhua, Yuan Haichao, Zhao Jinhui, Yu Haojun. . Design of soil temperature and moisture monitoring system for vegetable field based on the Internet of Things[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 43(6): 190-198.

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