关键词: 玉米, 保护性耕作, 少耕播种, 主动式, 防堵装置, 种床整理

Abstract: In the northeast black soil protection area, there are many problems such as large amount of straw cover, difficult straw treatment and coarse stubble, which will lead to unclean seed bed cleaning, seed drying and machine clogging. Therefore, an active seed bed finishing device was designed in this paper. Through theoretical analysis of the core components such as the straw cleaning device, seed bed reduced tillage device, and transmission system, the relevant structural and position parameters were determined. Taking the rotation speed n of the straw pulling wheel, the operation speed v, and the turning radius r as the experimental influencing factors, with seed bed straw cleaning rate as the evaluation index, a threefactor and threelevel orthogonal experiment was designed. The software optimization results show that when the rotating speed of the strawpulling wheel n was 115r/min, the operating speed v was 3.5km/h, and the turning radius of the strawpulling rod r was 260mm, the strawcleaning rate of the seed bed reaches a maximum of 65.5%. Field validation under the optimal parameter combination confirms an average straw cleaning rate of 67.4%, consistent with the optimized results. This device enables seed bed straw cleaning, the seed belt rotary tillage, fertilization, seed bed deep loosening, sowing, and pressing. The study could provide a technical reference for promoting cornless tillage sowing in large northeast ridge culture areas.

Key words: corn, conservation tillage, less tillage sowing, active, antiblocking device, seed bed arrangement