关键词: 旱地作物, 移栽机, 夹苗取苗, 栽植器, 自动移栽技术

Abstract:  Development of mechanized transplanting technology is of great significance to the whole process mechanization of crops production. In this paper, the research status and development tendency for key technologies of upland crops mechanized transplanting links, including seedling cultivation, seedling tray transportation, gripping and picking seedling, replanting and planting, were discussed. It was found that seedling quality and its mechanical properties have a significant impact on the transplanting quality; gripping and picking seedling unit, as the basic and key aspect for mechanized transplanting, its problem are high injured seedling rate and low efficiency; technologies of automatic replanting and path planning seedling promote the intelligent level of mechanized transplanting. The existing four types of transplanters were summarized and comparatively analyzed, especially the structures and their optimization design method comprising of dibble type and pincettetype transplanters. The importance of making full use of modern technical means for researching, such as DEM simulation, virtual technology, and machine vision was emphasized. The important and difficult research point for mechanized transplanting were provided following three aspects which included to combine agricultural machinery, agronomy and information technology, to enhance the versatility of transplanter, and to take advantage of whole row type picking seedling and multiline type transplanting to increase efficiency. The development tendency for mechanized transplanting including transplanting robot technology and unmanned technique is proposed. 

Key words:  upland crops, transplanter, gripping and picking seedling, planting apparatus, automatic transplanting technology