东北苏打盐碱地输水渠道渗流模拟与试验研究

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095⁃5553.2022.03.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国土地资源与水资源短缺，合理开发与利用东北苏打盐碱地、提高水资源利用率对国家粮食安全和社会稳定具有重要意义。基于渠道渗流基本理论，结合吉林省大安市海坨乡苏打盐碱地水稻种植项目区建设实践，建立混凝土渠、玻璃钢渠渗流模型，进行有限元模拟分析及测渗试验。研究结果表明：混凝土渠渗流模型呈现底部渗漏较大并向渠道两侧扩散的规律，玻璃钢渠模型渗漏小，防渗性好；通过动水法测渗试验可知，玻璃钢渠较混凝土渠输水损失利用系数降低73.4%，渗漏强度仅为混凝土渠的四分之一，研究结果可为苏打盐碱地渠道输水提供新方法。

关键词: 苏打盐碱地, 玻璃钢渠道, 渗流模拟, 测渗试验

Abstract: Land and water resources are scarce, and the rational development and utilization of soda-saline land in Northeast China and the improvement of water resource utilization are of great significance to China’s national food security and social stability. Based on the basic theory of channel seepage and the specific conditions of the soda saline⁃alkali rice planting project area in Haituo Township, Da’an City, concrete canal and FRP canal seepage models for finite element simulation analysis and seepage test were established. The research results showed that the seepage of the concrete canal had a larger bottom and spread to both sides of the canal. The seepage of the FRP canal was small and the seepage resistance was good. The test of the seepage measurement using dynamic water method showed that the FRP canal had 73.4% lower water loss than the concrete canal. The leakage strength was only a quarter of that of a concrete canal. The results of the study can provide a new method for water transport in soda saline⁃alkali soil channels.

Key words: soda saline?alkali lands, FRP channels, seepage simulation, seepage measurement tests

中图分类号:

S277.7

王景立, 孙佳, 张航, 孟宪东, 吴世懿, 冯伟志. 东北苏打盐碱地输水渠道渗流模拟与试验研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(3): 170-177.

Wang Jingli, Sun Jia, Zhang Hang, Meng Xiandong, Wu Shiyi, Feng Weizhi.. Seepage simulation and experimental study of water transmission channels in soda saline⁃alkalilands of Northeast China[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 43(3): 170-177.

参考文献

[1] 顾喜贵. 西北某灌区渠道渗漏数值试验分析研究[J]. 水科学与工程技术, 2020(4): 21-25.
Gu Xigui. Numerical analysis of canal leakage in an irrigation area in Northwest China [J].Water Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2020(4): 21-25.
[2] 隋保生, 梁伟. 高地下水位灌区渠道渗漏数值研究[J].水利技术监督,2019(4): 168-171.
[3] 许强. 低水位运行工况下输水渠道渗流的数值模拟[J]. 水利科技与经济, 2017, 23(3): 17-21.
Xu Qiang. Numerical simulation of the seepage flow of water delivery channel under the condition of low water level operation [J]. Water Conservancy Science and Technology and Economy, 2017, 23(3): 17-21.
[4] Rantz S E. Measurement and computation of stream flow，meas-urement of stage and is charge [C]. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2175，1982.
[5] Osman Y Z, Bruen M P. Modelling stream⁃aquifer seepage in an alluvial aquifer: An improved loosing⁃stream package for MODFLOW [J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2002, 264(1-4): 69-86.
[6] 窦宝松, 鲍维猛, 王长保. 土工合成材料在渠道防渗工程中的应用与存在问题探讨[J]. 水利水电技术, 2009(4): 27-29.
Dou Baosong, Bao Weimeng, Wang Changbao. Discussion on application of geo-synthetic material toanti-seepage of canal [J]. Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, 2009(4): 27-29.
[7] 王黎军. W-OH新型防渗材料在高寒干旱区渠道中的应用研究[J]. 节水灌溉, 2011(4): 32-34, 38.
Wang Lijun. Application of W-OH new anti-seeping material in canal of cold and arid area [J]. Water Saving Irrigation, 2011(4):32-34, 38.
[8] 郑建军. 聚丙烯高纤维材料在渠道防渗改造中的应用[J]. 科学技术创新, 2014(12): 193-193.
[9] 闫长城,王正中,刘旭东,等.季节性冻土区玻璃钢防渗渠道抗冻胀性能初探[J].人民黄河,2011(03):140-142.
[10] 王英浩, 司娜. U形玻璃钢渠道抗冻胀效果数值模拟[J]. 内蒙古科技大学学报, 2014, 33(4): 409-412.
Wang Yinghao，Si Na.Numerical simulation of the effect of frost heave for U-shaped FRP channel [J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 2014, 33(4): 409-412.
[11] 程传胜, 田军仓, 王斌, 等. 旱寒地区U形玻璃钢和混凝土渠道抗冻胀性能的研究[J]. 水资源与水工程学报, 2015,26(6): 173-177.
Cheng Chuansheng， Tian Juncang， Wang Bin. Study on effect of anti-frost for U-shaped GFRP and concrete channel in arid and frigid area [J]. Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering,2015, 26 (6): 173-177.
[12] 黄永强. 灌区混凝土防渗渠道冻胀防治措施[J]. 水利科技与经济, 2015(4): 122-123.
[13] 李佳纶. 渠道防渗工程设计及冻害防治方法研究[J]. 中国水能及电气化, 2017(2): 64-66.
Li Jialun. Design of channel anti-seepage project and study on prevention and cure method of freezing damage [J]. China Water Power & Electrification, 2017(2): 64-66.
[14] SL18-2004,渠道防渗工程技术规范[S].
[15] 钟玲, 安西良. 渠道流量损失及渠系水利用系数的计算方法[J]. 中国农村水利水电, 2004(12): 27-28.
[16] 李守洪, 熊小立. 河道流速仪法测验垂线流速分布参数1/n对Ⅱ型误差的影响[J]. 气象水文海洋仪器, 2008(1): 63-65.
Li Shouhong, Xiong Xiaoli. The influence of current meter testing perpendicular line current velocity distributing parameter 1/n to the Ⅱ type error [J]. Meteorological, Hydrological and Marine Instruments, 2008(1): 63-65.
[17] Peter H． Understanding normalized mean squared error in power amplifier linearization ［J］． IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters， 2018， 28(11): 1047-1049．
[18] Saraz J A O，Velasquez H J C，Bedoya A E. Thermal evaluation and validation of a computational model to unrefined sugar (panela) burner GP150 ［J］． Dyna， 2010， 77(162): 237-247
[19] 司娜. 玻璃钢在小型U形渠道中的应用研究[D]. 包头：内蒙古科技大学， 2014.
Si Na. Study on application of FRP in small U-shape canal [D]. Baotou: Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, 2014.
[20] 李怀东. 防渗渠道新成员——玻璃钢防渗渠[J]. 中国农村水利水电, 2000(2): 29-30.
Li Huandong. New member of anti-seepage canalanti-seepage canal with glass steel sheet [J]. China Rural Water And Hydropower, 2000(2):29-30.
[21] 吴玉柏, 黄俊友, 王远. 玻璃钢防渗渠道的研制[J]. 河海大学学报(自然科学版), 2002, 30(5): 87-90.