地下滴灌土壤水分分布对作物根系构型影响的研究现状与展望

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2025.01.034

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 地下滴灌土壤水分分布对作物根系生长与构型的影响，是国内外学者研究的热点课题之一。依次从地下滴灌技术的基本原理与类型，影响地下滴灌性能的主要因素，地下滴灌土壤水分分布对不同作物根系构型的影响与重塑等方面进行系统文献研究。随着新型地下滴灌技术的不断涌现，节水潜力的挖掘不断提升。因此，地下滴灌技术创新以及探究环境、作业、材质等多因素耦合影响机制，是提升地下滴灌技术应用与推广程度的重要课题。地下滴灌的灌水器可通过灵活布设，使得土壤水分更精准分布在作物根区周围。因此，以地下滴灌土壤水分为关键因子，开展作物根系构型的重塑研究是国内外学者应进一步关注的方向。提出以作物根系构型为出发点，探究新型空间多点源地下滴灌技术重塑根系构型的研究思路；并针对云南土壤与气候特点，提出新型根区微灌技术——空间多点源地下滴灌，利用根区不同方位滴头靶点重塑根系构型提升作物环境抗性，为解决云南高原山地季节性干旱问题提供参考。

关键词: 地下滴灌技术, 土壤水分分布, 根系构型, 根系重塑

Abstract: The effect of subsurface drip irrigation soil water distribution on crop root growth and conformation is one of the hot topics researched by scholars at home and abroad. The systematic literature research is carried out in order from the basic principles and types of subsurface drip irrigation technology, the main factors affecting the performance of subsurface drip irrigation, and the influence and remodelling of subsurface drip irrigation soil water distribution on the root system configuration of different crops. With the continuous emergence of new subsurface drip irrigation technologies, the exploitation of watersaving potential has been continuously improved. Therefore, the innovation of subsurface drip irrigation technology and the investigation of the coupling influence mechanism of environment, operation, material and other factors are important issues to enhance the application and promotion of subsurface drip irrigation technology. The waterers of subsurface drip irrigation can be flexibly deployed to make the soil moisture more accurately distributed around the root zone of crops. Therefore, taking soil moisture of subsurface drip irrigation as the key factor, the research on remodelling of crop root system configuration is a direction that scholars at home and abroad should pay more attention to. It is proposed to take crop root system configuration as the starting point to explore the research idea of remodelling root system configuration by new spatial multi-point source subsurface drip irrigation technology, and in view of the characteristics of the soil and climate of Yunnan, it is proposed that a new type of micro-irrigation technology in the root zone—spatial multi-point source subsurface drip irrigation—spatial multi-point source subsurface drip irrigation technology. In addition, a new root zone micro-irrigation technology-spatial multi-point source subsurface drip irrigation'is proposed for Yunnan soil and climate characteristics, which uses different orientation target points to remodel the root system configuration to enhance the environmental resistance of crops, and provides a reference for solving the problem of seasonal drought in the mountainous areas of the Yunnan Plateau.

Key words: underground drip irrigation technology, soil water distribution, root system configuration, root remodeling

中图分类号:

钱智勇, 王东博, 王东, 黄国亮, 杨振杰, 张毅杰. 地下滴灌土壤水分分布对作物根系构型影响的研究现状与展望[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(1): 227-235.

Qian Zhiyong, Wang Dongbo, Wang Dong, Huang Guoliang, Yang Zhenjie, Zhang Yijie. Research status and prospect of the effect of subsurface drip irrigation soilwater distribution on crop root architecture#br#[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 46(1): 227-235.

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