考虑机械载荷和热载荷的温室大棚骨架结构轻量化设计

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2024.06.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究温度变化对温室大棚骨架结构安全性的影响，建立考虑机械载荷和热载荷的大棚骨架热弹性结构优化设计模型。以机械载荷和热载荷下结构的最大应力值最小化为目标，以结构的总材料用量为约束，考虑机械载荷与热载荷联合作用下的应力分布，实现对大棚骨架的连续体结构优化设计,使结构在满足支撑刚度的前提下最大程度缓和结构的应力集中问题。考虑到热应力优化问题中的设计依赖性和中间变量问题，采用密度过滤函数获得清晰的最优拓扑构型。通过两种典型温室大棚骨架优化算例，对比不同温度变化幅度和不同材料用量下优化结构的最大等效应力，结果表明：该模型在相同体积比下结构最大等效应力优化效率最高可达到约15%，同种载荷条件下体积比增加0.1可实现结构最大等效应力优化效果提高近1%。该研究为考虑机械载荷和热载荷的大棚骨架热弹性结构优化设计提供有效的设计方法，对工程应用中的温室大棚骨架结构设计具有指导意义。

关键词: 温室结构, 拓扑优化, 热弹性结构, 应力

Abstract:

In order to explore the influence of temperature change on the safety of greenhouse skeleton structure, an optimal design model of greenhouse skeleton thermoelastic structure considering mechanical load and thermal load was established. With the goal of minimizing the maximum stress value of the structure under mechanical load and thermal load, and choosing the total material consumption of the structure as the constraint, the stress distribution under the combined action of mechanical load and thermal load was considered to achieve the optimal design of the continuum structure of the greenhouse framework, so that the structure could minimize the stress concentration of the structure under the premise of meeting the support stiffness. Considering the design dependency and intermediate variables in the thermal stress optimization problem, the density filter function was used to obtain a clear optimal topology. Through two typical greenhouse frame optimization examples, the maximum equivalent stress of the optimized structure under different temperature changes and material consumption was compared. The results showed that the maximum equivalent stress optimization efficiency of the model could reach about 15% under the same volume fraction. Under the same load conditions, increasing the volume ratio by 0.1 could achieve an increase of nearly 1% in the maximum equivalent stress optimization effect of the structure. The obtained conceptual design scheme of the greenhouse skeleton structure has guiding significance for the design of the greenhouse skeleton structure in engineering applications.

Key words: greenhouse structure, topology optimization, thermoelastic structure, stress

中图分类号:

S625.1

凡健, , 易振峰, , 姚兴智, , 谢锦鹏, 谭文超, , 王昱, . 考虑机械载荷和热载荷的温室大棚骨架结构轻量化设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(6): 77-81.

Fan Jian, , Yi Zhenfeng, , Yao Xingzhi, , Xie Jinpeng, Tan Wenchao, , Wang Yu, . Lightweight design of greenhouse frame structure considering mechanical load and thermal load[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(6): 77-81.

参考文献

［1］　刘志杰，郑文刚，胡清华, 等. 中国日光温室结构优化研究现状及发展趋势［J］. 中国农学通报, 2007(2): 449-453.

Liu Zhijie, Zheng Wengang, Hu Qinghua, et al. Current situation and development on structure optimization of solar greenhouse in China ［J］. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2007(2): 449-453.

［2］　肖林刚, 邹志荣, 吴乐天, 等. 寒冷干旱地区日光温室结构的优化设计［J］. 农学学报, 2014, 4(5): 52-55.

Xiao Lingang, Zou Zhirong, Wu Letian, et al. Structural optimization and design of the sunlight greenhouse in cold and arid Regions ［J］. Journal of Agriculture, 2014, 4(5): 52-55.

［3］　刘丽霞，雷法究. 两种典型日光温室结构安全性能分析［J］. 林业机械与木工设备, 2016, 44(11): 18-23.

Liu Lixia, Lei Fajiu. Safety performance analysis of two typical greenhouse structure ［J］. Forestry Machinery & Woodworking Equipment, 2016, 44(11): 18-23.

［4］　Briassoulis D, Dougka G, Dimakogianni D, et al. Analysis of the collapse of a greenhouse with vaulted roof ［J］. Biosystems Engineering, 2016, 151: 495-509.

［5］　李世萍, 秦小楠, 马倩, 等. 北京力学会第18届学术年会论文集: 工程应用: 轻钢温室结构温度应力及其对策［C］. 北京: 北京力学会, 2012.〖JP2〗Li Shiping, Qin Xiaonan, Ma Qian, et al. Proceedings of the 18th annual academic conference of beijing mechanics society: Engineering application: Temperature stress of light steel greenhouse structure and its countermeasures ［C］. Beijing: Beijing Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2012.

［6］　Bendse M, Sigmund O. Topology optimization: Theory, method and applications ［M］. New York: SpringerVerlag Berlin Heideberg, 2003.
［7］　He Y, Cai K, Zhao Z L, et al. Stochastic approaches to generating diverse and competitive structural designs in topology optimization ［J］. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 2020, 173: 103399.
［8］　Szepessy Z, Zoltan I. Thermal dynamic model of precision wirewound resistors ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2002, 51(5): 930-934.
［9］　Mankame N D, Ananthasuresh G K. Topology synthesis of electrothermal compliant mechanisms using line elements ［J］. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2004, 26(3): 209-218.
［10］　Xu L, Min H. Optimum design of cold formed steel residential roof trusses ［J］. International Specialty Conference on ColdFormed Steel Structures, 2000.
［11］　Suzuki K, Kikuchi N. A homogenization method for shape and topology optimization ［J］. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 1991, 93(3): 291-318.
［12］　Wang M Y, Wang X, Guo D. A level set method for structural topology optimization ［J］. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2003, 192(1): 227-246.
［13］　Rietz A. Sufficiency of a finite exponent in SIMP (power law) methods ［J］. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2001, 21(2): 159-163.
［14］　Stolpe M, Svanberg K. An alternative interpolation scheme for minimum compliance topology optimization ［J］. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2001, 22(2): 116-124.
［15］　Svanberg K. The method of moving asymptotesa new method for structural optimization ［J］. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 1987, 24(2): 359-373.
［16］　Cheng G D, Guo X. ε-relaxed approach in structural topology optimization ［J］. Structural optimization, 1997, 13(4): 258-266.
［17］　Duysinx P, Bendse M P. Topology optimization of continuum structures with local stress constraints ［J］. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 1998, 43(8): 1453-1478.
［18］　Deaton J D, Grandhi R V. Stiffening of restrained thermal structures via topology optimization ［J］. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2013, 48(4): 731-745.
［19］　Gao T, Zhang W. Topology optimization involving thermoelastic stress loads ［J］. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2010, 42(5): 725-738.

[1]	肖苏伟, 曹建华, 陈娃容, 贾倩, 吴思浩, 邓祥丰, . 自适应橡胶树干外形抱紧装置模型构建与拓扑优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(5): 29-35.
[2]	郑彬, 甫圣焱, 向上. 农用内燃机钛合金连杆振动分析与拓扑优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(8): 125-132.
[3]	杨柯, 王俭, 何凡, 吕军, 李道元. 活动防雨棚设计与分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(12): 268-275.
[4]	赖晓, 曾邦, 李尚平, 莫瀚宁, 何桂庆, 曹铂潇. 小型甘蔗收获机车架拓扑优化与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(7): 90-97.
[5]	廖鹏, , 陈兴国, , 林恒矗, , 王琪, , 黄文城, . 流变学在固体农业物料加工领域的应用研究进展[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(3): 84-91.
[6]	任帅阳, 高爱民, 张勇, 韩伟, . 六旋翼植保无人机旋翼折叠机构有限元分析及拓扑优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(9): 53-58+194.
[7]	王欲进, 潘思意. 插装阀阀芯优化与仿真分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(12): 137-143.
[8]	马成成;陶桂香;衣淑娟;包慧发;田蕊;范延伟;. 基于Hypermesh水田高留茬搅浆埋茬平地机打浆刀动态仿真试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(8): 28-33.
[9]	孙冬霞;樊平;王鹏军;王成;郝延杰;张爱民;. 有机肥施肥机关键部件的有限元分析及试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(7): 9-15.
[10]	康艳;金诚谦;陈艳普;郭红星;宁新杰;印祥;. 谷物籽粒损伤研究现状[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(7): 94-104.
[11]	陈远玲;龙禹平;高骁卿;班成周;严广成;李文全;. 甘蔗收割机切段辊疲劳分析与优化设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(6): 1-5+55.
[12]	史栋梁;王昱;牟剑;刘喜佳;涂彬;孙晓旭;. 基于变速箱体振动特性的阻尼层拓扑优化设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(6): 149-153+193.
[13]	仇维佑;单翔;奚小波;曾励;王理想;张瑞宏;. 园艺拖拉机前桥倍速机构设计及仿真研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2019, 40(9): 120-125.
[14]	李艳聪;卫勇;李继明;王秀芝;宋欣;. 大葱力学特性试验研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2019, 40(8): 73-76.
[15]	戴素娟;侯世谨;赵新伟;辛忠欣;张树辉;. 多功能观光温室结构加腋异型节点抗震性能研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2019, 40(7): 40-44.