关键词: 玉米大垄双行：栽培技术, 机械中耕施肥, 碎土除草, 垄上培土

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of the lack of compound medium tillage combined operation equipment in the double row cultivation technology of corn large ridge in China, a 3ZFD-440 type corn large ridge double row power intertillage topdressing machine suitable for 118.4-154.4 kW series tractors was designed. The machine can complete the ridge ditch broken soil weeding, ridge bottom subsoiling, multiseedling side deep fertilization, ridge culture and other work. According to the agronomic requirements of tillage in large ridge and double row of maize, the design of fertilization system, broken soil and weeding components, and diversion soil cultivator was completed through theoretical calculation and experimental analysis. The soil crushing knife is selected as a chisel straight knife, with a rotary radius of 235 mm, a blade thickness of 10 mm, a soil crushing knife angle of 35°, a blade width of 2 mm, and a side blade length of 10 mm. The diversion type soil cultivator is adopted, and the basic element line angle is 32°, the angle between the tangent of the guide curve and the vertical plane is 30°, the increment of the angle between the tangent of the guide curve and the vertical plane is 5°, and the radius of the guide curve is 248 mm. The field test results show that the machine can give full play to the power advantage of high power tractor in operation, the variation coefficient of ridge top width is 1.64%, and the variation coefficient of ridge depth is 4.34%. The performance of diversion type soil cultivator is stable, and the ridge shape is standardized after operation. The rate of broken soil is 91.7%; the thickness of bottom soil is 4.6 cm. The coefficient of variation of fertilizer consistency is 3.1%, which fully meets the design requirements and national standards.

Key words: the corn two row with big ridge: cultivation techniques, cultivatorfertilizer machine, broken soil weeding, soil cultivation on ridge