农药精准施用技术与装备研究现状及展望

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2023.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 农药安全高效应用已成为全行业的共识，农药的精准施用可减少农药的浪费，并降低施药过程中带来的环境污染、农产品安全和健康危害等风险。农药精准施用为精准农业的重要组成部分。针对农药精准施用技术中的变量施药技术、雾滴飘移防控技术和在线混药技术，分析国内外研究现状和装备运用情况。目前农药精准施用存在专用关键部件自主化程度较低、精准施药装备轻简化程度不够、精准施药技术与农药剂型、作物种植模式、气象条件的结合研究缺乏等问题，对农药精准施用发展提出3点展望：加大基础研究投入，提升关键部件及模块的国产化水平；推动装备轻简化、模块化发展，增强通用性和互换性，降低应用成本；促进多学科交叉融合，提高智能化作业精度与质量。

关键词: 农药精准施用, 变量喷雾, 雾滴飘移防控, 在线混药

Abstract: The safe and highly efficient application of pesticides has become a consensus across the whole industry. Pesticide wastage and risks of environmental pollution, agricultural products safety, and health hazard could be reduced with the application of precision pesticides. Precision pesticide application technology has been a significant component of precision agriculture. This paper analyzed the domestic and international research and equipment application status of variable rate spray, antidrift, and online mixing technology for precision pesticide application. At present, there are problems in the precision application of pesticides, such as the low level of selfdevelopment of dedicated key components, insufficient light and simplified precision pesticide application devices, and lack of research combining precision pesticide application technology with pesticide dosage form, planting model, and meteorological conditions. Three prospects for precision pesticide application devices were proposed: increasing basic research to enhance the level of localization of key components and modules, promoting the development of light, simple, and modularized equipment to enhance versatility and interchangeability to reduce application costs, and encouraging the multidisciplinary crossintegration to improve the accuracy and quality of intelligent operations.

Key words: precision pesticide application, variable rate spray, antidrift of droplet, online mixing

中图分类号:

S224.3

王果, 张晓, 陈晓, 刘德江, 龚艳. 农药精准施用技术与装备研究现状及展望[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(6): 68-73.

Wang Guo, Zhang Xiao, Chen Xiao, Liu Dejiang, Gong Yan. Current research status and prospects of precision pesticide application technology and device#br#[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2023, 44(6): 68-73.

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