关键词: 叶菜, 收获装备, 收获技术, 智能化

Abstract: Mechanized harvesting of leafy vegetables is important and difficult in the whole mechanized research of leafy vegetables. It is also the key to establishing and perfecting the whole mechanized technical system of leafy vegetable production. This article firstly describes the research status and development trends of the harvesting equipment of leafy greens, spicy leafy vegetables, and knot ball leafy vegetables at home and abroad and analyzes the gap in leafy vegetables harvesting equipment between home and abroad. Starting from the leafy vegetables mechanical harvesting process, interactions between leafy vegetables and harvest components are discussed. The interaction principle of root cutting shovel and gripping mechanism with leafy vegetables during root cutting and clamping is analyzed emphatically. The research progress of key mechanism design under several operation links, such as “cutting, digging, pulling (cutting), transport, collecting”, is analyzed respectively. The research progress of intelligent harvesting technologies such as automatic row and height automatic adjustment of the cutting table is described. According to the actual circumstances of the leafy vegetable production in China, the problem of leafy vegetables harvest mechanization in our country is analyzed, such as poor versatility, high damage rate of leaf vegetables, low degree of mechanization, and lack of agronomic standards suitable for mechanized operation of leaf vegetables. This paper puts forward the development idea of constructing a complete mechanized technology system for leafy vegetable production, realizing the generalization and intelligentization of leafy vegetable harvesting machinery, and persisting in the combination of independent research and development, digestion, and absorption of foreign advanced technology.

Key words: leafy vegetables, harvesting equipment, harvest technology, intelligentization